1_Introduction to Human Development

what is human development

pattern of movement or change that starts at conception ad conitnues over the rest of your life

change & stability

what is biological processes

changes related to the physical body

what are cognitive processes

changes in thinking, intelligence and language

what are socioemtional processes

social (environment) + psychological (individual)

changes related to personal & social factors

what are the characteristics of development

multidimensional, plastic, contextual, a co-construction of biology, culture & the individual

what is development is multidimensional

biological, cognitive & socioemotional dimensions

multidisciplinary area of study

what is plasticity

capacity for change

what is neuroplasticity

neuroplasticty brains ability to change

development is contextual

all development occues within a context

what is normative age-graded influences

biological and envirmental influences similar for individuals in a particular age group

ex) puberty & menopause

what are history graded influences

influences linked to a historical moment

what is cohort

group of people born around the same time in same place

ex) great depression

what are non-normative life events

atypical events that occur in a personas life that do not usually happens

what are humans shaped by

genes + environment

what is culture

shared understanding & way of life of a people

what is the lifespan perspective

development is lifelong

it involves growth,maintenance & regulation of loss

life expectancy

developemnt involves growth…., growth?

physical changes that occur fro conception to maturity

maintenance & regulation of loss - quest to maintain physical & mental capacities in middle & late adulthood

what is life expectancy

the average number of years that a person born in a particular year can expect ot live

what are average life expectancy for men and women

men = 80yrs

women = 85ish yrs

what are the types of age

chronological age

biological age

psychological age

social agew

what is chronological age

number of years a person has lived

what is biological age

how quickly the body is aging

what is psychological age

how old one feels, act & behaves

what is social age

personas habits & roles relative to society’s expectations

what is normal aging

characterizes most individuals

what is pathological aging

charaterizes individuals who show greater than average decline as they age through the adult years

what is successful aging

someone who has positive physical, cognitive & socioemotional development is maintained longer

what is nature

traits, abilities & capacitites that are inherited from parents

that is nurture

environmental influences that shape behaviour

how do genetic influence behaviour

directly and indirectly

what is continuity

uninterrupted duration or continuation

quantitative

what is discontinuity

distinct break in physical continuity or sequence in time

what is a critical period

presence of event has greatest consequences

• permanent & irreversible

what is a sensitive period

where someone is partiularly susceptible to certain kinds of stimuli in their environment