D.C Circuit.

Kirchhoff’s First Law Definition (KCL)

The law states that the current arriving at a node or junction is equal to the current leaving a node or junction.

Kirchhoff’s Second Law Definition (KVL)

The sum of e.m.f in a closed loop eqauls the sum of potential differences around the loop

External Resistance.

Refers to the resistance offered by any component that is connected to a circuit

Internal Resistance

Refers to resistance offered by the chemical inside the battery to the flow of current.

Voltage

Defined as the amount of electrical energy that is converted into other forms eg: light when a charge is made to flow through a circuit.

Loss volts

It is defined as the energy dissipated as heat when a unit charge is made to flow through an internal resistance of the cell.

E.M.F Formula

E = V + v

E = (IR) + (Ir)
(Current same)