Chapter 9 – From Light to Energy: Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants capture energy from sunlight to produce ______ and _____.

A. proteins, water C. carbohydrates, carbon dioxide (CO2)

B. carbohydrates, oxygen D. proteins, oxygen

B. carbohydrates, oxygen

Which of the following scientists is credited with first describing photosynthesis?

A. Jan Ingenhousz B. Julius von Sachs C. Joseph Priestley D. Isaac Newton

A. Jan Ingenhousz

Which of the following serve as the organelles of photosynthesis?

A. stomata B. guard cells C. chloroplasts D. grana

C. chloroplasts

Pigment molecules embedded in the membranes of the _____ initiate photosynthesis.

A. mesophyll C. palisade parenchyma

B. thylakoids D. spongy parenchyma

B. thylakoids

Which of the following allows CO2 from the atmosphere to enter the plant leaf?

A. chloroplasts B. stromata C. grana D. stomata

D. stomata

The ________ regulate the opening and closing of the stomata in a plant leaf.

A. accessory pigments B. guard cells C. grana D. thylakoids

B. guard cells

Which of the following pigments are responsible for the characteristic green color of plant leaves?

A. xanthophylls B. carotenes C. chlorophylls D. all of these

C. chlorophylls

The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place in the _______ of the chloroplasts.

A. nucleus B. central vacuole C. stomata D. stroma

D. stroma

In some chloroplasts, the thylakoids are stacked, forming a ________.

A. pigment B. stoma C. chloroplast D. granum

D. granum

Which of the following is an accessory pigment in plants?

A. chlorophyll b B. xanthophyll C. carotene D. all of these

D. all of these

Most of the photosynthetic activity in plants occurs in the ________.

A. cells of the spongy parenchyma C. guard cells

B. cells of the palisade parenchyma D. epidermis

B. cells of the palisade parenchyma

Which of the following components of the electromagnetic spectrum have the highest energy?

A. radio waves B. visible light C. ultraviolet light D. gamma rays

D. gamma rays

_______ is the most important pigment in photosynthesis.

A. chlorophyll a B. chlorophyll b C. xanthophyll D. carotene

A. chlorophyll a

The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis lead to the production of ______.

A. ATP B. oxygen C. NADPH D. all of these

D. all of these

In the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, ________ is incorporated into organic molecules.

A. CO2 B. oxygen C. glucose D. NADPH

A. CO2

The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis are responsible for fixing ________.

A. chlorophyll B. ATP C. CO2 D. carbohydrates

D. carbohydrates

Which of the following pigments is NOT involved directly in photosynthesis?

A. chlorophyll b D. all of these

B. carotene E. A and B

C. xanthophyll

D. all of these

The frequency of the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum range is ______nm.

A. 50–100 B. 200–300 C. 400–700C D. 600–900

C. 400–700C

Plants expel which of the following as a waste product?

A. oxygen B. water C. CO2 D. carbohydrates

A. oxygen

While walking outdoors on an autumn day, you see a tree with leaves that have all turned yellow. What pigment is producing this color?

A. xanthophyll B. carotene C. chlorophyll a D. chlorophyll b

A. xanthophyll

Which of the following statements about the electromagnetic spectrum is TRUE?

A. the longer the wavelength is, the less the energy it has

B. the longer the wavelength is, the more the energy it has

C. the electromagnetic spectrum is visible to the human eye

D. the electromagnetic spectrum is based on visible light

A. the longer the wavelength is, the less the energy it has

In the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, _____ combines CO2 with RuBp.

A. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) C. NADPH

B. ATP D. Rubisco

D. Rubisco

In a chromatography experiment, a hypothetical pigment moves a distance of 3 centimeters, while the solvent moves a distance of 6 centimeters. What is the Rf value for this pigment?

A. 0.5 B. 2 C. 3 D. 9

A. 0.5

Which of the following initiates the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?

A. oxygen B. CO2 C. glucose D. sunlight

B. CO2

In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, water is split to form oxygen and _____.

A. a 6-carbon molecule C. NADPH

B. a 3-carbon molecule D. ATP

C. NADPH

Some plants use alternative photosynthetic pathways. Desert plants, such as cacti, use what pathway?

A. Calvin cycle C. light independent pathway only

B. Crassulacean Acid Metabolic pathway D. none of these

B. Crassulacean Acid Metabolic pathway

_____ is a product of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis important in amino acid and fatty acid synthesis.

A. H2O B. G3P C. CO2 D. RuBp

B. G3P

In the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, G3P is used to form which of these?

A. glucose B. cellulose C. starches D. all of these

D. all of these

At the end of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, RuBp is ______.

A. converted to Rubisco C. regenerated

B. combines with CO2 D. broken down

C. regenerated