Bio 101- 1.2: Evolution and the Classification of Life

The theory of ______ explains the diversity and unity of life.

Evolution

True or false: The theory of evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from a common ancestor?

True

Common descent with _________ is the core principle of evolution.

Modification

The evolutionary mechanism proposed by Charles Darwin?

Natural Selection

True or false: Some aspects of the environment selects which traits aren’t more apt to be passed on to the next generation?

False- Some aspects of the environment selects which traits ARE more apt to be passed on to the next generation.

Individuals with the favorable traits produce the _____ number of offspring that survive and reproduce.

Greater

Natural selection increases the _________ of those favorable traits in a population.

Frequency

_______ fuel natural selection

Mutations

Mutations introduce variations among members of a _______.

Population

An _________ ____ is like a family tree.

Evolutionary tree

An evolutionary tree traces the _______ __ ____ on Earth to a ______ ______.

Traces the ancestry of life on Earth to a common ancestor

_______ ancestor (first cells)

Common

Common ancestor ————> ___________ and _________.

Bacteria and Archaea

Bacteria and Archaea———> _________.

Eukarya (cells with nucleus)

Eukarya———> ______.

Protists

Eukarya———>Protists——-> _______.

Plants

Eukarya——>Protists———->Plants———>_________.

Fungi

Eukarya—->Protists——>Plants——>Fungi——>_______.

Animals

The discipline of biology that identifies, names, and classifies organisms according to certain rules?

Taxonomy

The study of evolutionary relationships between organisms?

Systematics

Classification categories: From _____ inclusive category (____) to _____ inclusive category (____).

From LEAST inclusive category (SPECIES) to MOST inclusive category (DOMAIN)

Species, ____, family,_____,class,______,kingdom,______, and domain.

Species, GENUS, family, ORDER, class, PHYLUM, kingdom, SUPERGROUP, and domain

Each _______ category above species includes more types of _______ than the ________ one.

Each SUCCESSIVE category, types of ORGANISMS than the PRECEDING one

Contains unicellular prokaryotes that live in extreme environments probably similar to the primitive Earth?

Domain Archaea

What lacks a membrane-bound nucleus?

Prokaryotes

Contains unicellular prokaryotes that live in all environments including on our skin and in our mouth and large intestine?

Domain Bacteria

Contains unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes.

Domain Eukarya

Contains a membrane-bound nucleus?

Eukaryotes

This major group includes animals, plants, fungi, and protists?

Eukaryotes

These make up two groups of life called Bacteria and Archaea?

Prokaryotes

These can be single-celled or make up huge multi-celled life?

Eukaryotes

These are single-celled living things?

Prokaryotes

These do not have a nucleus or any other membrane-bound parts inside their cell?

Prokaryotes

Their DNA floats freely?

Prokaryotes

What is a nucleoid?

A spot where prokaryotes DNA floats in

What contains prokaryotic cells of various shapes?

Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria

What has adaptations to EXTREME environments?

Domain Archaea

What has adaptations to ALL environments?

Domain Bacteria

What absorbs or chemosynthesizes food?

Domain Archaea

What absorbs, photosynthesizes, or chemosynthesizes food?

Domain Bacteria

What has unique chemical characteristics?

Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria

Escherichia coil = ?

A bacterium

Sulfolobus = ?

An archaean

Paramecium = ?

A single-celled protozoan

Phalaenopsis = ?

An orchid, a flowering plant

Amanita = ?

A mushroom

Vulpes = ?

A red fox

What contains algae, protozoans, slime molds, and water molds?

Domain Eukarya: Kingdom Protista

What contains multicellular, usually with specialized tissues, containing complex cells?

Domain Eukarya: Kingdom Plantae

What photosynthesizes food?

Kingdom Plantae

What absorbs, photosynthesizes, or ingests food?

Kingdom Protista

What contains algae, mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants?

Kingdom Plantae

What is complex single-celled (sometimes filaments, colonies, or even multicellular)?

Kingdom Protista

What consists of molds, mushrooms, yeasts, and ring worms?

Kingdom Fungi

What is mostly multicellular filaments with specialized, complex cells?

Kingdom Fungi

What aborbs food?

Kingdom Fungi

What ingests food?

Kingdom Animalia

What consists of sponges, worms, insects, fishes, frogs, turtles, birds, and mammals?

Kingdom Animalia

What is multicellular with specialized tissues containing complex cells?

Kingdom Animalia

Kingdom designations are being determined?

Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria

Kingdoms are designated, but new taxonomic super groups are being determined?

Kingdom Eukarya