MedLit Lesson 4-6 Key Terms (Types of Media, Info Sources, Language, Camera, Audiences, Law & Ethics)

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering core terms from media types, information sources, media language and codes, camera concepts, audience analysis, and legal/ethical frameworks.

Print Media

Oldest form of media; traditional or “old-fashioned” media such as newspapers, magazines, and books.

Newspaper

Print periodical carrying a variety of topics to relay information.

Magazine

Periodical covering a wide range of topics (current affairs, business, self-help, fashion, entertainment, etc.).

Booklet and Brochure

Promotional literature pieces for a product or organization.

Billboard

Large outdoor advertising board.

Book

A collection of paper, written text, and other material bound together along one edge.

Broadcasting Media

Media delivered via radio and television; wide accessibility through airborne signals.

Radio Programming

Music programming with categories and planned speech-based programs.

Television Programming

TV stations categorized as commercial or non-commercial.

Film

Audio-visual medium that enhances print with moving images and sound.

Internet Media

Electronic network that connects computer networks worldwide; includes websites.

Web Page

Online page containing information about a person or organization.

Hypertext

Linked information that can be displayed and accessed directly by users.

Instant Message

Real-time online text communication between users.

E-Mail

Electronic message sent to recipients anywhere in the world.

Distance Education

Online learning for students in remote locations.

E-Book

Digital version of a book.

Online Shopping

Direct purchase of goods or services from a seller over the Internet.

Video Games

Games with extended storytelling and varied topics; interactive media.

Media Convergence

Coming together of different equipment/tools for producing and distributing news.

World Wide Web Influence (Media on the Web)

Flow of content across multiple platforms; audiences often help create and distribute content.

Viral/Trend

A video or message that rapidly gains high popularity.

Meme

Funny image, video, or text shared widely on social media.

Popular Publication

Publications that dominate print and non-print media and target the general public.

Information

Facts and figures obtained from learning, research, or communication.

Information Source

People, groups, and records from which data are gathered.

Informant

Someone who provides details about language, values, beliefs, or culture to a researcher.

Scholarly Publication

Well-researched articles in academic journals for specialists.

Trade Publication

Highly specialized materials for professionals in a specific industry.

Primary Source Documents

Original sources created by the first person (letters, journals, interviews, speeches, photos, etc.).

Secondary Source Documents

Materials produced with hindsight that interpret or evaluate primary sources.

Printed Materials (Identify Relevant Info)

Check author profiles and prefaces to gauge expertise and framework.

Films (Identify Relevant Info)

Review criticisms and profiles of directors/scriptwriters to assess credibility.

Interviews (Identify Relevant Info)

Choose experts with actual experience to ensure accuracy.

Propaganda

Presentation of facts to elicit a desired response, often involving distortion.

Misinformation

Unintentional spread of incorrect information.

Disinformation

Deliberate dissemination of false information.

Indigenous Media

Communicative tools of indigenous peoples; a form of community media.

Indigenous Community

Information exchange via local channels within indigenous communities.

Umalohokan

Ancient town criers who announced laws to the community.

Media Language

The way a media text’s meaning is conveyed to the audience.

Messages

Information sent from a source to a receiver.

Audience

The group of consumers for whom a media message is constructed.

Producers

People who create and assemble media content.

Other Stakeholders

Libraries, archives, museums, internet providers, and other information providers.

Written Codes

Formal written language used in a media product; includes buzzwords and catchphrases; affects language style and layout.

Symbolic Codes

Social meanings conveyed through objects, colors, setting, and symbols.

Setting

Time and place of the narrative.

Mise en Scène

Everything within the frame: costumes, props, actors, and arrangement.

Acting

How an actor portrays a character; includes facial expression, body language, and vocal qualities.

Color

Connotations of colors (e.g., red for love, danger, or warning).

Technical Codes

How equipment is used to tell a story (camerawork, lighting, audio).

Camerawork

Camera position, movement, and angle.

Lighting

Manipulation of light to highlight elements in a scene.

Audio

Dialogue, sound effects, and music in a media text.

Conventions

Generally accepted ways of using media codes; rules for organization.

Form Convention

How media codes are arranged and organized.

Story Convention

Narrative structures and patterns used in storytelling.

Genre Convention

Characteristics associated with different media genres.

Camera Shot

The size of the subject in the frame.

Establishing Shot

A long shot that sets the location and transitions between scenes.

Extreme Long Shot

A very wide shot showing a large area; emotionally distant.

Long Shot

Shows the whole area where the action takes place.

Medium Shot

Approximately half of the subject’s body in the frame.

Medium Long Shot

One or two people in the frame, full body visible.

Close Up Shot

A detailed view of a subject; engages the audience emotionally.

Extreme Close Up

A small detail of the subject; creates intimacy (tight close up).

Eye Level Shot

Shot at eye level; neutral viewpoint.

Reverse Angle Shot

Shot filmed from approximately 180 degrees opposite the first angle.

Point of View Shot

Shows what the character sees.

Over the Shoulder Shot

Shot from behind the character’s shoulder to show perspective.

Basic Camera Angles

Foundational angles used to depict subjects (high/low angle).

High Angle

Camera above the subject; makes the subject appear smaller.

Low Angle

Camera below the subject; makes the subject appear larger.

Pan

Horizontal camera movement left or right while on a fixed tripod.

Tilt

Vertical camera movement up or down while on a fixed tripod.

Media Producers (Role)

Individuals who initiate, plan, and produce media texts; conduct audience analysis.

Media Stakeholders

People or organizations with shared interests in media content.

Media Audiences

Target audience; essential in delivering media; subject to audience analysis.

Audience Analysis

Process of examining audience demographics and psychology for media planning.

Audience Engagement

Reaction of the audience to media content.

Audience Expectation

Anticipation or predictions of what the audience hopes to see.

Audience Foreknowledge

What the audience already knows before the release.

Audience Identification

The connection between audience and content or characters.

Audience Placement

Strategies to make the audience feel the content is made for them.

Audience Research

Monitoring audience before, during, and after media exposure.

Our Virtual Self

Our online actions leave trails of data that are stored digitally.

Digital Divide

Gap between people with differing access to ICT due to socioeconomic factors.

Netiquette

Rules of proper online behavior and politeness.

Digital Natives

People who grew up with the internet and digital technologies.

Digital Immigrants

People born before the digital age who adopt technology later.

Cyber Bullying

Harassment or bullying conducted over the internet.

Copyright Infringement

Misuse of copyrighted material without permission.

Computer/Internet Addiction

Compulsive use of computers/Internet interfering with daily life.

Freedom and Responsibility

Right to freedom of opinion; ideology; copyright law under national law.

Ideology

A system of beliefs or principles held by individuals or groups.

Republic Act No. 8293 (Philippine Copyright Law)

Philippine law protecting original works with known creators.

Intellectual Property Code

Rights of copyright holders, attribution, integrity, and protection of original works.

Fair Use Policy

Educational, non-profit use of copyrighted material under specified rules.

Freedom of Information (FOI) Bill

Public access to policy development information and related acts.