U.S. Foreign Policy and Latin America: Wilson, Mexico, and Imperialism

What was Wilson's primary concern regarding Mexico?

Wilson wanted Mexico to be democratic to prevent the rise of a violent, anti-American government that could disrupt trade.

Who did Wilson support in Mexico after Huerta took power?

Wilson supported Carranza instead of Huerta.

What action did the U.S. take after U.S. sailors were arrested by Huerta's men?

U.S. Marines were sent to weaken Huerta and assist Carranza.

Why did Wilson turn against Carranza?

Wilson turned against Carranza when he stopped supporting U.S. interests, particularly regarding oil.

Who did Wilson support to overthrow Carranza?

Wilson supported Pancho Villa.

What was the outcome of Villa's hostility towards the U.S.?

Villa killed Americans after losing U.S. backing.

What happened when Wilson sent troops to capture Villa?

The attempt failed, and Wilson abandoned Mexico when World War I began.

What was the Monroe Doctrine?

A policy stating that Europe must stay out of the Western Hemisphere, established in 1823.

What did the Roosevelt Corollary state?

The U.S. would use force if Europe violated the Monroe Doctrine.

What was Dollar Diplomacy under Taft?

A policy using economic power in Latin America, which worsened relations.

What was the Open Door Policy?

A policy guaranteeing equal trading rights for all nations in China.

What was the Boxer Rebellion?

An uprising by Chinese nationalists to expel foreigners, which was crushed by foreign powers.

What achievement earned Theodore Roosevelt the Nobel Peace Prize?

Mediating the Russo-Japanese War.

What was the Gentlemen's Agreement?

An agreement where Japan limited immigration to the U.S. in exchange for ending discrimination in California.

What was considered Roosevelt's greatest foreign policy achievement?

The construction of the Panama Canal.

What was the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty?

A treaty allowing U.S. control of canal construction in Panama.

What did the Foraker Act establish?

It set up a civil government in Puerto Rico, with the U.S. President appointing the governor and upper house.

What did the Teller Amendment promise?

It promised Cuba independence after the Spanish-American War.

What did the Platt Amendment entail?

It restricted Cuba's sovereignty, allowed U.S. intervention, and leased Guantanamo Bay.

What was the Philippine-American War?

A conflict where Filipinos used guerrilla warfare against U.S. forces, which employed concentration camps.

What was Wilson's approach to foreign policy during his presidency?

He tried to promote democracy abroad through 'moral diplomacy.'

How did World War I affect Wilson's foreign policy focus?

Wilson shifted his focus away from Latin America and Mexico when World War I broke out.