Introduction to Psychology and Human Development

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering the definition of psychology, schools of thought, research methods, and human development stages based on the lecture transcript.

Psychology is derived from two Greek words: __________, meaning mind or soul, and Logos, meaning science or study.

Psyche

Behavior that can be observed by other people is known as __________ behavior.

Overt

__________ behavior refers to behavior known only by the person experiencing it, such as thoughts and feelings.

Covert

Mental responses and body reactions that a person is not aware of are classified as __________ behavior.

Unconscious

The first step of the Scientific Method is the __________.

Identification of the Problem

Believing something because it has been accepted for a long time describes the non-scientific method known as __________.

Tenacity

Gaining knowledge through observation and experience is called __________.

Empiricism

The psychology goal that asks the question "Why is it happening?" is __________.

Explain

__________ is known as the Father of Psychology and established the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany.

Wilhelm Wundt

The school of thought called __________ used analytic introspection to study the parts of the conscious mind.

Structuralism

__________ was founded by William James and was influenced by Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution.

Functionalism

The main idea of __________ psychology is that "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts."

Gestalt

__________ focuses on observable behavior and includes concepts like classical and operant conditioning.

Behaviorism

Sigmund Freud founded __________, which emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior.

Psychoanalysis

The goal of __________ psychology is to help people achieve their potential through free will and self-actualization.

Humanistic

__________ Psychology studies thinking, memory, and perception, with Jean Piaget as an important theorist.

Cognitive

The area of psychology that involves the diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses is __________ psychology.

Clinical

science or study

Logos

refers to the actions or activities of

an individual.

Behavior

Create possible explanations or

answers.

Formulation of Hypothesis

collect information needed for the study

gathering data

Apply and analyze the hypothesis.

testing the Hypothesis

Analyze results and form conclusions.

Gathering Conclusion

Confirm whether conclusions are accurate.

Verification of Findings

Knowledge based on feelings or instincts rather than reasoning.

Intuition

Accepting information because it comes

from a respected person.

Authority

Gaining knowledge through reasoning.

Rationalism

Observing and recording behavior. (What is happening?)

Describe

Why is it happening?

● Understanding causes of behavior.

Explain

goal of psychology.

Question: Will it happen again?

Predict

How can it be changed?

● Modifying undesirable behavior into

desirable behavior.

Control

Father of Psychology

Wilhelm Wundt

studies the parts of conscious mind.

Structuralism

Studies how the mind affects behavior.

Functionalism

● Studies how people grow, change, and

adapt throughout life.

○ Physical changes

○ Thinking abilities

○ Social-emotional growth

Developmental Psychology

Studies:

● Thinking

● Language

● Memory

● Problem solving

● Reasoning

● Judgment

● Decision-making

Cognitive Psychology

Studies how:

● Brain

● Neurons

● Nervous system

Biopsychology

Studies how people's Thoughts Feelings Actions

are affected by others.

Social psychology

application of psychology to law

forensic psychology

Studies human behavior in workplace

Industrial and Organizational Psychology