Nervous system wk 1-2

What is the primary function of the nervous system in maintaining homeostasis?

The nervous system maintains homeostasis by using electrical signals.

What are the two types of responses the nervous system can produce?

Involuntary responses (like heart beating) and voluntary responses (like screaming).

What are the three main roles of the nervous system?

Sensory input, integration, and motor output.

What is the central nervous system composed of?

The brain and spinal cord.

What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?

To serve as communication lines between the central nervous system and the rest of the body.

What are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

Sensory (afferent) Division and Motor (efferent) Division.

What does the autonomic division of the nervous system control?

Involuntary functions like heart rate and sweating.

What is the role of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?

They form the myelin sheath around nerves.

What connects sensory and motor neurons in the central nervous system?

Interneurons.

What is the definition of action potential?

A rapid short-lasting electrical signal that travels along the neuron's axon.

What do axonal terminals contain?

Vesicles with neurotransmitters.

What happens in multiple sclerosis concerning myelin sheaths?

The myelin sheath is destroyed, affecting how the body functions.

Where are neuron cell bodies primarily located?

Mostly in the central nervous system.

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Endocrine glands release substances into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands release substances out of the bloodstream.

What do dendrites do in a neuron?

They conduct impulses toward the cell body.

What is the significance of the synaptic cleft?

It is the gap between adjacent neurons where learning occurs, and neurotransmitters travel.

What are the four regions of the brain?

Cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum.