Anatomy of the Lymphatic and Immune System

These flashcards are designed to help you understand key vocabulary related to the lymphatic and immune systems, as well as their components and functions.

Lymphatic System

A system responsible for the production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes; returns excess fluid and solutes from peripheral tissues to the bloodstream.

Lymphatic Vessels

The vessels that transport lymph throughout the body.

Lymphocytes

White blood cells that are key to the immune response, including T cells, B cells, and NK cells.

Lymphatic Fluid

The fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system.

Thoracic Duct

The largest lymphatic duct in the body, draining lymph into the subclavian vein.

Lymph Nodes

Small, bean-shaped structures that filter lymph and contain immune cells that help fight infection.

B lymphocytes (B cells)

A type of lymphocyte that generates antibodies and provides immunity.

T Lymphocytes (T cells)

A type of lymphocyte that directly attacks infected cells and helps orchestrate the immune response.

Natural Killer (NK) Cells

A type of lymphocyte that plays a role in the rejection of tumors and cells infected by viruses.

Spleen

An organ that filters blood and helps remove old or damaged blood cells and pathogens.

Tonsils

Clusters of lymphoid tissue located in the throat that help protect against pathogens.

Peyer's Patches

Aggregated lymphoid nodules found in the intestine that monitor intestinal bacteria populations.

Immune Response

The body's defense mechanism against infectious organisms and other invaders.

Innate Immunity

The nonspecific first line of defense against pathogens, including physical barriers and immune cells.

Adaptive Immunity

The specific immune response that involves the activation of T and B lymphocytes.

Respiratory Zone

The part of the respiratory system where gas exchange occurs, including the alveoli.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

Lymphoid tissue associated with mucosal surfaces that plays a role in immune protection.

Antibodies

Proteins produced by B cells that specifically recognize and neutralize pathogens.

Gas Exchange

The process of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between the lungs and blood.