AP Biology: Animal Behavior

0.0(0)
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/37

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Biology

12th

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

38 Terms

1
New cards
Ethology
study of animal behavior
study of animal behavior
2
New cards
Behavior
what an animal does and how it does it
what an animal does and how it does it
3
New cards
Instinct (Innate) Behavior
behaviors that are inherited
behaviors that are inherited
4
New cards
Kinesis
random movement of animal in relation to stimulus; the stimulus causes an alteration in rate or direction of activity or movement.
random movement of animal in relation to stimulus; the stimulus causes an alteration in rate or direction of activity or movement.
5
New cards
Fixed-action Patterns
sequence of unlearned acts that are unchangeable and usually continue until they are completed
sequence of unlearned acts that are unchangeable and usually continue until they are completed
6
New cards
Signal
stimulus that causes change in behavior
7
New cards
Learned Behaviors
Behaviors that are modified based on specific experiences
example: nest building
Behaviors that are modified based on specific experiences
example: nest building
8
New cards
Habituation
loss of responsiveness to stimuli with little or no meaning; animal can ignore meaningless stimuli
loss of responsiveness to stimuli with little or no meaning; animal can ignore meaningless stimuli
9
New cards
Associative Learning
ability to connect one stimulus with another
ability to connect one stimulus with another
10
New cards
Classical Conditioning
arbitrary stimulus associated with particular outcome
example: training a dog
arbitrary stimulus associated with particular outcome
example: training a dog
11
New cards
Operant Conditioning (trial and error)
when faced with two choices, an organism can learn to choose the option with the best reward.
example: students who study to improve their grades
when faced with two choices, an organism can learn to choose the option with the best reward.
example: students who study to improve their grades
12
New cards
Cognition
process of knowing that involves awareness, reasoning, recollection, and judgement
process of knowing that involves awareness, reasoning, recollection, and judgement
13
New cards
Social Learning
learning by observing others
learning by observing others
14
New cards
Altruism
engaging in behavior that doesn't help you, but helps rest of population (selfless)
engaging in behavior that doesn't help you, but helps rest of population (selfless)
15
New cards
Inclusive Fitness
total effect of producing offspring and helping relatives
total effect of producing offspring and helping relatives
16
New cards
Kin Selection
altruistic behavior that enhances reproductive success of relatives
altruistic behavior that enhances reproductive success of relatives
17
New cards
Agonistic Behavior
threats, rituals, and combat; settles disputes over resources, asserting dominance
18
New cards
Foraging
food obtaining behavior
food obtaining behavior
19
New cards
Sexual Selection
seeking and attracting mates/choosing and competing for males
seeking and attracting mates/choosing and competing for males
20
New cards
Pheromones
Chemical signals
Chemical signals
21
New cards
Suckling
A mammal is born knowing how to nurse.
example: pig suckling at birth
A mammal is born knowing how to nurse. 
example: pig suckling at birth
22
New cards
Imprinting
Some baby bird species will follow the first moving object they see usually the mother.
example: ducks
Some baby bird species will follow the first moving object they see usually the mother.
example: ducks
23
New cards
Migration
organisms move from one place to another periodically, generally in response to temperature or food availability.
example: geese, monarch butterflies
organisms move from one place to another periodically, generally in response to temperature or food availability.
example: geese, monarch butterflies
24
New cards
Hibernation
An organism goes dormant for a long period of time to escape cold temperatures
example: bears, chipmunks, frogs
An organism goes dormant for a long period of time to escape cold temperatures
example: bears, chipmunks, frogs
25
New cards
Estivation
An organism goes dormant for a long period of time to escape hot temperatures.
example: African bullfrog, fringe toed lizard, turtle
An organism goes dormant for a long period of time to escape hot temperatures.
example: African bullfrog, fringe toed lizard, turtle
26
New cards
Positive Chemotaxis
An organism responds to a chemical by moving towards it.
example: male cockroach pheromones attract females
An organism responds to a chemical by moving towards it.
example: male cockroach pheromones attract females
27
New cards
Negative Chemotaxis
An organism responds to a chemical by moving away from it.
example: the smell of a skunk repels other animals
An organism responds to a chemical by moving away from it.
example: the smell of a skunk repels other animals
28
New cards
Positive Phototaxis
An organism responds to light by moving towards it.
example: moths to a light
An organism responds to light by moving towards it.
example: moths to a light
29
New cards
Negative Phototaxis
An organism responds to light by moving away from it.
example: moles live underground
An organism responds to light by moving away from it.
example: moles live underground
30
New cards
Mutualism
Both species benefit
example: bee and flowers
Both species benefit
example: bee and flowers
31
New cards
Commensalism
One species benefits and the other is unaffected
example: whale and barnacle
One species benefits and the other is unaffected
example: whale and barnacle
32
New cards
Parasitism
one species benefits and the other is harmed
example: dog and flea
one species benefits and the other is harmed
example: dog and flea
33
New cards
Intra-specific Competition
occurs among organisms of same species
occurs among organisms of same species
34
New cards
Inter-specific Competition
Occurs among organisms of different species
example: competition between hyenas and lions for a dead zebra
Occurs among organisms of different species
example: competition between hyenas and lions for a dead zebra
35
New cards
Resource Partitioning
Species consume slightly different foods or use other resources in slightly different ways
Species consume slightly different foods or use other resources in slightly different ways
36
New cards
Aposematic Coloration
"stay away" color
example: black widow's red underbelly
"stay away" color
example: black widow's red underbelly
37
New cards
Batesian Mimicry
Mimicking a poisonous organism's coloring
Mimicking a poisonous organism's coloring
38
New cards
Disruptive Coloring
Obscures size/shape of an organisms body
example: zebras's stripes
Obscures size/shape of an organisms body
example: zebras's stripes