Canine Feline Dental

What percent of dogs and cats over the age of 2

85%

Normal technician dentistry tasks

Obtaining diagnostic information, dental charting, dental radiography, dental cleanings.

What does COHAT stand for

C-Comprehensive

O-Oral,

H-Health

A-Assessment

T-Treatment

In Texas some legal things with dentistry technicians

No extractions!! No elevation or drill, must be waving in the wind, simple extraction.

3 levels of supervision for dentist technicians.

Immediate, Direct, and General (or indirect).

Immediate supervision

A licensed vet is within direct eyesight and hearing range.

Direct supervision

A licensed Vet is on the premises and readily available.

General or (indirect)

A licensed vet is NOT on the premises but able to perform duties by maintaining direct communication.

Who has Brachydont teeth

Humans, Dogs, Cats, Pigs.

Brachydont teeth

Only develop for a limited time, long root, short crown. Carnivores

Who has hypsodont teeth

Horses, Rodents, Rabbits

Hypsodont Teeth

Continues to grow and develop throughout the lifetime of the tooth. Short root, long crown. Herbivores

Canine dental formula

3/3 1/1 4/4 2/3 X2 = 42

Cats dental formula

3/3 1/1 3/2 1/1 X2 = 30

Different types of teeth.

Incisors, Canines, premolars, and molars.

How does the Triadan numbering system work?

Upper right is 100s, upper left is 200s, lower left is 300s, and lower right is 400s.

What teeth are cats missing?

#5 on the top and #5 and #6 on the bottom.

Mesial

Towards the midline

Distal

Away from the midline, surface towards the back of the mouth. Backside of the tooth.

Labial

Towards the lips

Buccal

Towards the cheek

Lingual

Towards the tongue

Palatal

Towards the palate

Dolichocephalic

Long, narrow head

Mesocephalic

Normal proportioned head

Brachycephalic

Short, wide head

Occlusion

The ideal bite. Maxilla is slightly longer and wider than the mandible.

Class 1 malocclusion (MAL/1)

Maxilla and Mandible are equal length. One or more teeth are out of place.

Class 2 malocclusion (MAL/2)

Mandible is shorter than maxilla. Overbite

Class 3 malocclusion (MAL/3)

Mandible is longer than maxilla. Underbite.

Class 4 malocclusion (MAL/4)

When the maxilla and/or mandible are not straight forward but almost curve out one direction?

Prognathism

Underbite, mandible is longer than maxilla.

Brachygnathism

Overbite, maxilla is longer than mandible.

Q’s to ask during Dental exam process

Eating habits, Pain, Dropping food, swelling, excessive salivation, Home dental care.

What do you need to wear doing dental procedures

Mask, Gloves, and Eye protection.

3 tissues of tooth

Enamel, Dentin (middle), and Pulp.

Enamel hypoplasia

Loss of enamel on tooth surface, happens in tooth development.

Enamel hypoplasia what can it be caused by?

Trauma, poor nutrition, some medications, fevers, infections, and some virus.

Periodontal different diseases

Gingivitis, Periodontist, pulpitis, Furcation, Gingivostomatitis, Caries lesion,

Gingivitis

Inflammation of gingiva, reversible, sulcus depths are normal.

Periodontist

Gingivitis left untreated. Bacteria moves deeper into the tissue, running out of oxygen, becoming more destructive. Periodontal pockets, can lead to tooth motility.

Periodontal disease

Inflammation of the periodontium, characterized by loss of gingivva, exposing more root and leading to loss of the periodontal ligament and bone surrounding the tooth. Can affect other ograns such as lungs, kidneys, heart, and liver.

How does calculus form

Pellicle, Bacteria, Plaque in 6-8 hours, and then Calculus in 2-3 days.

What is Plaque vs Tartar/calculus.

Plaque is a soft sticky film of bacteria. Tartar is hardened, mineralized and calcified plaque.

Pulpitis

Pulp inflammation, may lead to death of tooth, Tooth may appeared discolored.

Normal Furcation

Periodontal probe goes less than halfway under the crown in any direction.

Furcation stage 2

Probe extends more than halfway in the crown but not all the way.

Furcation stage 3

Probe extends under the crown through and through.

Tooth mobility

Should not move over 0.5mm. M3 stage is it is moved over 1mm or any axial movement.

Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis

Inflammation of the gingiva and mucosa, unknown cause, very painful.

Caries Lesion

Cavities. Caused by bacteria that produces a bacteria that eats away at the enamel. Is sticky.

Clinical signs of Gingivitis

Inflammed Gingiva, depp sulcus depths.

Clinical signs of periodontist

Periodontal pockets, Tooth mobility, deep furcation.

What is the periodontium?

Specialized tissue surrounding, supporting, and stabilizing tooth to jaw.

What is the Power scaler?

A tool that uses high frequency vibrations to remove calculus. It must have a water source!!

Can Universal power scaler tips go subgingivally?

No, only above, its to rough to go below.

Can Perio power scaler tips go subgingivally?

Yes

What is needed with the power scaler?

Water. Used to both keep the tip and the tooth cool, and washes away the debris.

What side of the power scaler do you use?

The lateral side. The tip can damage the tip.

Air/Water syringe

Tartar will look white and chalky, used to flush debris and polish out of the mouth.

What is in a COHAT pack?

Gauze, periodontal probe, hand scaler, hand curette, and dental mirror.

Hand scaler

Can only give supra gingival. Two cutting edges and a pointed tip. Used more for general calculus removal. Sharp tip can traumatize gingiva.

Hand curette

Can be used above or below the gingiva. Rounded back and tip.

Hand mirror

Used to look behind teeth. Make sure teeth are fully cleaned.

Periodontal Probe with explorer

Known also as a shepherd hook. Helpful to detect caries and determine if fractures are open or closed.

Normal sulcus depth in dogs?

Less than 3mm

Normal sulcus depth in cats?

Less than 1mm.

AT - charting abbrFeviation

Attrition (tooth on tooth wear)

F - charting abbreviation

Furcation

FODC - charting abbreviation

Fell Out During Cleaning.

GH - charting abbreviation

Gingival hyperplasia

M 1,2,3 - charting abbreviation

Mobility

OM - charting abbreviation

Oral Mass

TR - charting abbreviation

Tooth Resorption

What do you do on chart to indicate a tooth is to be extracted?

Slash through the tooth or number.

What is polishing for?

Removes irregularities, after charting, smooths out enamel, polish at lower speed.

How long can you touch the tooth with the Power Scaler?

No more than 8-15 seconds?

How long can you touch the polisher to the tooth?

no more than 10 seconds?