CH 3: Tissue level of organization - Epithelial

Anatomy

What does connective tissue do?

provides a structural framework for the body

What does epithelial tissue do?

covers the body or lines inside organs and produces secretions

what does muscular tissue do?

contracts to produce movement

what does nervous tissue do?

conducts electrical impulses

What acronym can be used to help remember the 4 tissue types?

CMEN

What are the 4 tissue types?

connective, muscular, epithelial, and nervous tissue

What are the 3 germ layers that form in an early embyro?

Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

What does the ectoderm form?

nervous system and skin

what does the mesoderm form?

muscle, skeleton, kidneys, and reproductive system

what does the endoderm form?

endocrine glands, lungs, digestive tract, and liver

What layer is the ectoderm?

outside

what layer is the mesoderm layer?

middle

what layer is the endoderm layer?

inside

Where can nervous tissue be found?

brain, spinal cord, nerves

Where can epithelial tissue be found?

lining of the GI tract organs, skin surface

Where can muscle tissue be found?

cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle

Where can connective tissue be found?

fat, bone, tendons

What is a tissue membrane?

A thin layer of cells that line/cover parts of the body

What are the 2 basic types of tissue membranes?

epithelial and connective tissue membranes

What are the 4 epithelial functions?

protection, filtration, absorption/secretion, diffusion

What’s the function of protection and give an example

protects tissue (skin)

What’s the function of absorption/secretion and give an example

takes in substances (intestines), releases substances (glands)

What’s the function of diffusion and give an example

allows small molecules to pass through (lungs)

What’s the function of filtration and give an example

filters substances (kidneys)

True or False: Cells are tightly packed with very little space between them in epithelial tissue

True

True or False: Epithelial tissue have no blood vessels and has to get nutrients from nearby tissue?

True

Where does epithelial tissue get it’s nutrients from?

nearby tissue

What type of epithelial function is this?

protection

What type of epithelial function is this?

filtration

What type of epithelial function is this?

absorption/secretion

What type of epithelial function is this?

diffusion

What is this?

epithelium structure

How many structures are there in an epithelium?

there are 8 basic structures

What is microvilli?

tiny finger like extensions that increase surface area for absorption

what is basement membrane?

a thin layer that anchors epithelial cells to the tissue underneath

what is cilia?

tiny hair cell like structures that move across the cell surface

what is apical surface?

the top/free side of epithelial cell

what is basolateral surface?

the bottom side of the epithelial cell

How many types of cell junctions/connections are there?

3

What are the 3 cell junctions?

tight, gap, and anchoring junction

What does a tight junction do?

seals cells together and prevents leaks

what does a gap junction do?

lets cells communicate

what is another name for a gap junction?

communicating junction

what does an anchoring junction do?

holds cells together

what are the main three anchoring junctions?

desmosome, adherens, hemidesmosome

What type of junction is this?

tight junction

What type of junction is this?

gap junction

What kind of junction is this?

anchoring junction, desmosome

What kind of junction is this?

anchoring junction, adherens

What kind of junction is this?

anchoring junction, hemidesmosome

what does simple vs stratified mean?

simple is 1 layer, stratified is 2+ layers

What are the 3 epithelial cell shapes?

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Squamous is what shape?

flat

cuboidal is what shape?

cube

columnar is what shape?

tall

What’s the function + example of a simple squamous?

diffusion and filtration + lungs, blood vessels

What’s the function + example of a simple cuboidal

absorption and secretion + kidneys, glands

What’s the function + example of a simple columnar

absorption and secretion + digestive tract.

What is the main function of stratified squamous + example

Protection from abrasion + skin, mouth, esophagus

What is the main function of stratified cuboidal + example

secretion and protection + sweat/salivary gland

What is the main function of the stratified columnar + example

secretion and protection + gland ducts

What is pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

Looks like many layers but is actually 1 layer

What is the main function of the pseudostratified columnar + example

moves/secretes mucus + trachea

What is the function of transitional epithelium + example

stretches and changes shape + urinary bladder

What kind of epithelium is this?

simple squamous

What kind of epithelium is this?

Simple cuboidal

What kind of epithelium is this?

Simple Columnar

What kind of epithelium is this?

Stratified Squamous

What kind of epithelium is this?

Stratified Cuboidal

What kind of epithelium is this?

Stratified Columnar

What kind of epithelium is this?

Pseudostratified columnar

What kind of epithelium is this?

Transitional

This is a histology of what epithelium ?

simple squamous

This is a histology of what epithelium ?

simple cuboidal

This is a histology of what epithelium ?

simple columnar

What type of epithelial tissue is this?

simple squamous

What epithelium function is displayed?

diffusion

What epithelial tissue is displayed?

stratified squamous

What epithelium function is displayed?

protection

What epithelial tissue is displayed + function

Simple columnar + Microvilli for absorption

What epithelial tissue is displayed + function

Pseudostratified columnar + cilia and mucus to filter and humidify air

What epithelial tissue is displayed + function

Simple cuboidal + Forms tubes for secretion and absorption

What epithelial tissue is displayed + function

Transitional + cells and layers able to stretch

What does this photo depict?

Glandular epithelium