effects of CBs on aircraft

Rapid changes in barometric pressure associated with a storm can cause _______ on the ______ to be unreliable.

altitude readings, altimeter

Strong surface winds, and particularly abrupt changes in wind speed and direction, are _____ in the vicinity of CBs and pose a serious hazard to aircraft during __________ in advance of a storm.

common, takeoff and landing

_________ icing can be expected, especially in the ______ of the cloud. Heaviest icing conditions occur at altitudes ________ where droplets are supercooled.

Moderate to severe, higher levels, above the freezing level

Snow, ice pellets, or rain can be hazardous to aircraft ________ by ________ airfield and runway surfaces.

Hail can cause significant structural damage to an aircraft resulting in ______.

attempting to land, contaminating, loss of control

A lightning strike may cause _______ to the aircraft, ______, _______, and completely _____.

structural damage, cause punctures, ignite fuel vapours, knock out electrical navigation equipment and radios

Nearby lighting can _____ a pilot momentarily. Aircraft flying near CBs may experience electrical disturbances affecting _______.

blind, communication and navigation systems

Static electricity may build up in the airframe, interfering with the operation of ____ and affecting ____, occasionally permanently.

the radios, compass behaviour

What is an indication of nearby CB activity

St. Elmo’s fire

The interaction between _____ causes wind shear and severe turbulence within the cloud

strong updrafts and strong downdrafts

Wind shear from CB is strong enough to cause an aircraft _____ or _____.

to stall, cause very serious structural damage

What other extreme weather is present near CBs that can affect aircraft?

Microbursts, funnel clouds, and tornadoes

A microburst is a sudden and powerful ____ within a thunderstorm

downdraft

In a gust front, in which direction do downdrafts spread out when they reach the ground?

Horizontally

CBs are accompanied by dangerous weather hazards such as:

• Thunderstorm activity

• Precipitation

• Wind

• Violent vertical currents

• Hail

• Lightning

Flying near a CB cloud will result in ____ and may also have ____.

severe turbulence, severe icing

There are strong updrafts ____ and ____ of CB clouds.

below, inside

Flying near a TCU cloud will result in ____ and possible _____.

turbulence, icing

Tornadoes occur more frequently in what kind of thunderstorm?

Supercell

Flying near a CU cloud will result in a bumpy flight ____. There are _____ below and in the cloud.

beneath and in the cloud, updrafts

Flying near an ACC cloud will result in ____.

turbulence and icing