Child Abuse - Lecture 5

Physical Abuse

Hitting, beating, or causing physical harm to a child.

Smacking

Open hand contact, not classified as physical abuse in NZ.

Hitting

Closed hand impact or using solid objects.

Beating

Repeated hitting causing injury.

Sexual Abuse

Involves penetration or coerced sexual acts.

Neglect

Failure to provide necessary care for a child.

Child Death Rate

NZ ranks 3rd highest among OECD countries.

UNICEF Statistics

NZ has high child poverty and low wellbeing.

Māori Children

Twice as likely to experience abuse or neglect.

Oranga Tamariki

Agency promoting reporting of child abuse in NZ.

Substance Abuse

11% of US children live with substance-abusing parents.

Abuse Likelihood

Children of substance abusers face higher abuse rates.

Child Homicides

Consistent annual statistics on child fatalities.

Fatalities Age Range

Most child fatalities occur under 3 years old.

Economic Impact

Recession linked to increased child abuse rates.

Income Gap

Wider gaps correlate with higher child abuse incidents.

Outcomes of Abuse

Increased risk of mental health issues and disorders.

Shaken Baby Syndrome

Brain injury from violent shaking of infants.

Symptoms of SBS

Includes irritability, poor feeding, and convulsions.

Prognosis of SBS

Higher risk of permanent disabilities and death.

Direct Costs

Includes medical care and child protection services.

Indirect Costs

Includes special education and future criminality.

Expenditure on Child Abuse

Total cost in NY: $2,424 million.

Child Fatalities Statistics

41.1% from neglect, 31.4% from maltreatment.

Perpetrators of Abuse

79.9% of child abuse cases involve parents.

Cultural Change

Increasing acceptance for reporting abuse in NZ.