Mexican-American War, Treaty, and Manifest Destiny: Key Facts and Outcomes

What treaty ended the Mexican-American War?

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848.

Who negotiated the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

Nicholas P. Trist.

What was one major outcome of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

Mexico recognized the Rio Grande as the southern border of Texas.

What territories did the U.S. gain from the Mexican Cession?

California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming.

How much did the U.S. pay Mexico as part of the Treaty?

$15 million and assumed $3.25 million in Mexican debts.

What significant belief drove American expansion during the 19th century?

Manifest Destiny.

What was a major consequence of Manifest Destiny?

It reignited the debate over the expansion of slavery into new territories.

What was the slogan associated with the Oregon boundary dispute?

'Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!'.

What compromise was reached regarding the Oregon boundary?

The boundary was set at the 49th parallel in 1846.

What was the direct cause of the Mexican-American War?

Mexico refused to recognize Texas's annexation and a border dispute led to conflict.

What did President Polk aim to achieve in the Mexican-American War?

To gain California and secure the Rio Grande border.

What was the Wilmot Proviso?

A proposal to ban slavery in any territory gained from Mexico, which revealed sectional divisions.

What was one domestic effect of the Mexican-American War?

The question of slavery expansion intensified sectional conflict.

Who was James K. Polk?

The 11th U.S. President (1845-1849) and a strong believer in Manifest Destiny.

What was the Aroostook War?

A bloodless conflict over the Maine-Canada border between American and Canadian lumberjacks.

What treaty resolved the Aroostook War?

The Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842.

What was the significance of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

It made the U.S. a continental power by expanding its territory significantly.

What were the Californios?

Spanish-speaking residents of California who lost land and power after the Mexican-American War.

What was the impact of the Mexican-American War on military leaders?

It provided military experience that prepared officers for the Civil War.

What was the role of public opinion in the annexation of Texas?

Public opinion turned pro-annexation due to Manifest Destiny and fears of British influence.

What was Polk's strategy regarding the Oregon boundary?

He threatened war but ultimately compromised to avoid conflict with Britain.

What did the annexation of Texas signify for the U.S.?

It was seen as a step towards fulfilling Manifest Destiny.

What was the outcome of the Mexican-American War for U.S. territory?

The U.S. gained about one-third of its land area.

What did the term 'doing a timber country' refer to?

Lumber exploitation in the Aroostook region, which was rich in timber.

What was the significance of the California Gold Rush?

It accelerated westward migration and intensified the debate over slavery.

Texas Annexation

Finally admitted to the Union in 1845 under President John Tyler, who pushed annexation in his last days in office before Polk; Mexico viewed annexation as an act of war, helping spark the Mexican-American War.