APUSH U7: ( 1890-1945)

Frederick Jackson Turner / Frontier Thesis (1893)

Argued the frontier shaped American democracy.

Annexation of Hawaii (1898)

U.S. overthrew Queen Liliʻuokalani; Hawaii became a U.S. territory.

Spanish-American War (1898)

'Splendid Little War' resulted in U.S. gaining Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico.

Treaty of Paris (1898)

Ended Spanish-American War.

Platt Amendment (1901)

Gave the U.S. control over Cuban foreign policy.

Open Door Policy (1899)

Equal trade rights in China for all imperial powers.

Philippine-American War (1899–1902)

Filipino resistance to U.S. rule.

Progressivism

Movement aimed at addressing social, political, and economic injustices.

Muckrakers

Investigative journalists exposing corruption.

Roosevelt's Square Deal

plan to make things fair for workers, businesses, and consumers( control, corporations, consumer protection, and conservation)

Trust Busting

Breaking up monopolies.

Pure Food and Drug Act / Meat Inspection Act (1906)

Passed after Upton Sinclair's The Jungle.

16th Amendment (1913)

Federal income tax.

17th Amendment (1913)

Direct election of senators.

Federal Reserve Act (1913)

Created a central banking system.

Clayton Antitrust Act (1914)

Strengthened earlier antitrust laws.

Women's Suffrage Movement

Campaign to vote intensified during this period accumulating in the passage of the 19th amendment in 1920

Neutrality Proclamation (1914)

U.S. stayed out of World War I at first.

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare / Lusitania (1915)

Pushed U.S. closer to war.

Zimmermann Telegram (1917)

Germany asked Mexico to attack the U.S.

U.S. Enters WWI (1917)

'Make the world safe for democracy.'

Selective Service Act (1917)

Drafted men into the military.

War Industries Board / Committee on Public Information

Mobilized economy and propaganda.

Espionage Act (1917) / Sedition Act (1918)

Made it illegal to spy for another country say right publish anything bad about the government in the military or the flag

Schenck v. United States (1919)

Established 'Clear and present danger' test.

Wilson’s Fourteen Points / League of Nations

plan made by president Windrow Wilson to prevent future wars by promoting fairness, freedom and cooperation

Treaty of Versailles (1919)

U.S. didn’t ratify due to League opposition.

Red Scare (1919–1920)

Fear of communism; led to Palmer Raids.

Sacco and Vanzetti Case (1920)

Reflected anti-immigrant sentiment.( two Italian immigrants, accused of robbery and murder. They were found guilty even though they were innocent.)

Teapot Dome Scandal

Corruption during the Harding administration.

Harlem Renaissance( 1920-1930’s)

Cultural movement promoting African American culture.

Jazz Age / Flappers

Rebellion against traditional norms.

Immigration Acts (1921, 1924)

Quotas limiting immigration from Southern/Eastern Europe.

Scopes MONKEY Trial (1925)

Debate between evolution vs. fundamentalism.

Great Migration

African Americans move North for jobs.

Stock Market Crash (1929)

Triggered the Great Depression.

Hoovervilles

Shantytowns named after President Hoover.

Bonus Army (1932)

WWI vets demanding pensions.

FDR’s New Deal (1933–1939)

Relief, Recovery, Reform programs during the Great Depression.

Wagner Act (1935)

Protected workers’ right to unionize.

Neutrality Acts (1930s)

Aimed to keep U.S. out of foreign wars.

Cash-and-Carry / Lend-Lease Act (1941)

Helped Allies before U.S. entry into WWII.

Pearl Harbor (Dec. 7, 1941)

Prompted U.S. entry into WWII.

War Production Board / Office of Price Administration

Mobilized war economy.

Rosie the Riveter

Symbol of women in wartime workforce.

Japanese Internment / Executive Order 9066

Upheld in Korematsu v. U.S. (1944).

D-Day (1944)

The Allied forces ( us ,Britain ,Canada ) invaded Nazi controlled France( aka largest sea invasion in history)

Island Hopping

Strategy in the Pacific campaign.

Manhattan Project / Hiroshima & Nagasaki (1945)

Atomic bomb ends World War II.

GI Bill (1944)

Benefits for returning veterans.