Chapter 5: Tissue organization

Which opition best explains the ability of epithelial tissues to repair themselves?

High Regenerative Capacity

Functions of muscle tissue include:

-Voluntary movements of body parts

-Involuntary movements of body parts

-Propulsion of materials through digestive tract

A " " epithelium contains two or more layers of epithelial cells

Stratified

Describe the types of connective tissue cell with its description: fibroblasts, adipocytes, fixed macrophages.

Fibroblasts: Produce fibers and ground substance.

Adipocytes: Store lipid preserves.

Fixed Macrophages: These large cells phagocytize damaged cells and pathogens.

A " " is formed when a sperm fertilizes an oocyte.

Zygote

The majority of glands are composed of

Epithelial tissue

An extra cellular matrix is virtually nonexistent in which tissue types?

Nervous, muscle, epithelial

Describe the function of each tissue type: epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous.

Epithelial: Covers surfaces and lines body cavities and organs

Connective: Protects, binds together and supports organs

Muscle: Facilitates movement

Nervous: Controls activists, processes information

Which type of epithelium is composed of cells that readily change their shapes?

Transitional

Connective tissue, although diverse, share the following basic components:

Cells, proteins fibers, ground substance

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue is located...

as the epidermis of the skin.

Match the epithelial cell type with its location in the body: nonkeratinized stratified squamous, keratinized stratified squamous, pseudostratified ciliated columnar, transitional.

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous: body openings like the oral cavity, vagina and anus.

Keratinized stratified squamous: epidermis of skin

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar: Lines the upper respiratory tract

Transitional: lining of the urinary bladder, ureters, and part of the urethra

The four major tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and...

nervous.

Where might you typically find squamous epithelium?

Air sacs (alveoli) of kings, lumen of blood vessels (endothelium)

A thin, extracellular layer upon which an epithelium rests upon is called a...

basement membrane.

True or false: Epithelium acts as "gatekeepers" to control the movement of substances into the body.

True.

The cutaneous membrane...

Is relatively dry compared to other membranes of the body.

Contains keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue.

The study of tissues and their relationships within organs is called

Histology

The two categories of connective tissue proper are " " and " " connective tissue.

Loose, dense.

Which are considered the functions of connective tissue?

Binding and support of structures, physical protection, storage and transport.

The simple squamous epithelium that lines the lines of blood and lymphatic vessels is called an

Endothelium

Serious membranes are composed of two parts: a " " layer that lines the body cavity and a " " layer that covers the organs.

Parietal, visceral

Which is an example of a supporting connective tissue?

Cartilage

True or false: there are a larger number of glial cells than neurons

True

Which of the following epithelial cells are flat, wide, and somewhat irregular in shape?

Squamous

The function of a " " is to attach a muscle to a bone

Tendon

Leukocytes are commonly called " " blood cells

White

Which are characteristics of cardiac muscle tissue?

Cells often bifurcate, the presence of intercalated discs, it is striated

Match the formed elements with their functions.

Erythrocytes: transport O2 and CO2 between lungs and body tissues

Leukocytes: immunity

Platelets: blood clotting

True or false: tissues are groups of similar cells that carry out a common function.

True

The " " membrane is commonly called skin.

Cutaneous

Hyaline cartilage is located

At the ends of long bones, in the fetal skeleton, in costal cartilages, in the nose

Many of areas of spongy bone contain " " cells, which are responsible for producing blood cells.

Hematopoietic

Which statements characterize simple squamous epithelial tissue?

It lines the blood vessels, it allows for diffusion and osmosis across its surface.

Criteria used to classify multicellular experiments glands are

Morphology, type of secretion, and method of secretion

Synovial membranes are found

Lining some joints of the skeletal system

This type of exocrine gland produces sweat, milk, tears, or digestive juices.

Serous glands.

Which are characteristics of collagen fibers?

They appear white in fresh tissues, they are strong and flexible, they resist stretching.

Match the correct epithelial cell surface with its description.

Apical: exposed to surface or lumen.

Lateral: have intercellular connections

Basal: where epithelium is attached to underlying connective tissue

" " connective tissue serves as padding and acts as an insulator to slow heat loss through the skin.

Adipose

Connective tissue is designed to " ", " ", and " " organs.

Support, protect, bind.

Which statements correctly describe epithelial tissue?

It is richly innervated, it lacks blood vessels, it has a high regeneration capacity.

Of the four types of the body membranes, the two principal types of internal membranes are " " and " " membranes.

Mucous, serous.

Which statements characterize nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue?

The cells remain moist, the cells remain alive all the way to its apical surface, keratin is not present within the cells, it lines part of the anus

True of false: an organ is a structure composed of multiple types of tissues that must work together to accomplish a complex task.

True

Which of the following type of protein fibers, found in connective tissue, allow the body parts to stretch and appear wavy?

Elastic

Which is a location of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?

Lining of the trachea

Transitional epithelial tissue is located

Lining the urinary bladder

Which location is of areolar connective tissue?

Surrounding blood vessels, subcutaneous layer of skin, surrounding nerves.

" " connective tissue is located in the umbilical cord only.

Mucous

" " are cell types responsible for control and information processing.

Neurons

Which criteria are used to classify epithelia?

Number of cell layers, shape of cells at apical surface.

Which are functions of the basement membrane?

Acts as a barrier, provides physical support, anchors the epithelium to connective tissue

This type of muscle lacks striations and is found in the walls of most viscera such as the stomach and blood vessels.

Smooth

These epithelial cells form a single layer of tall, narrow cells whose apical membranes may have microvilli for increased absorption and secretion.

Nonciliated simple columnar

Choose all that are locations of smooth muscle tissue.

Wall of the stomach, wall of the urinary bladder, walls of blood vessels.

A gland with a secretory portion that is uniform in diameter to its duct is called

Tubular