Erosion Test

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19 Terms

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Erosion

A process, natural or man-made, where soil and other materials are worn away

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Three types of erosion

Water, wind, ice

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Which erosions affect our agriculture and property the most?

Water and Wind

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Oxbow lake

When a stream goes straight at certain points and curves at others. Separates water at points.

<p>When a stream goes straight at certain points and curves at others. Separates water at points.</p>
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Is erosion naturally occurring?

Yes

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Bank erosion

The wearing away of the edges of a river or stream caused by water

<p>The wearing away of the edges of a river or stream caused by water</p>
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Riparian zone

Putting plants along coastline(cheap)

<p>Putting plants along coastline(cheap)</p>
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Rip rap

Placement of large boulders along coastline. Moderate price, effective for small waves

<p>Placement of large boulders along coastline. Moderate price, effective for small waves </p>
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Sea wall

Barrier made of concrete or wood that breaks strong waves or currents. Most expensive but strong

<p>Barrier made of concrete or wood that breaks strong waves or currents. Most expensive but strong </p>
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Four main types of field erosion?

Sheet, rill, gully, and splash

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Sheet erosion

Removal of soil in thin layers by water

<p>Removal of soil in thin layers by water </p>
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Rill erosion

When water causes channels in soil moving topsoil away

<p>When water causes channels in soil moving topsoil away </p>
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Gully

Large holes(gullies) form in the land due to the constant movement and build up of water in small area

<p>Large holes(gullies) form in the land due to the constant movement and build up of water in small area</p>
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Splash erosion

Rain splashes down on bare soil and causes topsoil to pop up and be eroded away

<p>Rain splashes down on bare soil and causes topsoil to pop up and be eroded away </p>
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Contour farming

Planting along the slope of hill or mountain to prevent water from washing soil down the hill

<p>Planting along the slope of hill or mountain to prevent water from washing soil down the hill</p>
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Crop rotation

Planting different crops in the same area year after year to prevent same nutrients from being removed from soil

<p>Planting different crops in the same area year after year to prevent same nutrients from being removed from soil </p>
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Windbreaks

Using tall row of bushes, plants, or a fence to block wind from blowing soil off the field

<p>Using tall row of bushes, plants, or a fence to block wind from blowing soil off the field </p>
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Cover crops

Planting un harvested crops over the field to return nutrients to the soil or hold the soil together to prevent other types of erosion

<p>Planting un harvested crops over the field to return nutrients to the soil or hold the soil together to prevent other types of erosion </p>
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Terracing

Building “steps” along a hill or mountain to prevent water from washing soil down the hill

<p>Building “steps” along a hill or mountain to prevent water from washing soil down the hill</p>