Rad Physics 2 Exam 1
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42 Terms
2 applications of TLDs
phantom, in vivo
TLD works by
being heated and emitting light
OSL made of
aluminum oxide
osl 2 applications
badge, in vivo
film 2 applications
beam relative, personnel
gas radiation detectors
survey meter, beam calibration (ionization)
practical range 10-300 KeV
free air
why is free air impractical for MV beams
long electron range
plane parallel chambers are for (with 2mm electrode spacing)
electron beams
well chambers used for
brachytherapy
farm chamber
high accuracy, for dose measure, QA, quality
requirements for a cavity ionization chambers
air equiv walls and two electrodes
quenching, in UV emission prevents
charges interacting with detector wall
why does the reading decrease if bias voltage dose too low
ion recombination
signal voltage
generated, not applied
dose to air
.876 x R
optical densities are
additive
farmer chamber volume
0.6 cc (.06 in equations)
with applied voltage, how does prop,GM change
prop, stable
which tube needs a quench gas
GM
what can differentiate heavy charged particle and electron radiations
prop
what can register high counting rates
GM
correction factor temp pressure
273+T/295 × 760/P
H/D curve
OD net to dose calibration curve
base
plastic film base attenuates light
low dose region H/D curve (the point used for RT)
linear
median dose region h/D curve
nonlinear
high dose region H/D curve
saturate
ion recombination is an issue in
ion chambers
used for portal dosimetry
EPID, flat panel detectors
electronic equilibrium
number of electrons stopping equals electrons starting
smallest volumes
pinpoint, farmer
electrometer purpose
collects charges that can be converted into dose
disadvantage of farmer
low sensitivity
liquid dosimeters
direct (calorimeters, chemical)
output is 2.2% off, what do you do
A potentiometer is adjusted to 1cGy/MU
TG-51 medium
water
if calibrated at 10cm instead of dmax, dose will be
overdose
why calibration in co60
well defined spectrum
used to calibrate photon beam
ionization chamber
percent depth dose
%dd10x
how often TG51 protocol
annually