E1 Adv Physio

Chapter 1-3 Cengage

A neurobiologist studies the brain response in dancers and chooses fNIRS as the best technology to perform the study. What is the best explanation?

fNIRS tracks the flow of blood in the brain and correlates with activity.

Which research method provides a way to observe the living brain as it engages in processes such as reading or emotional reactions?

fMRI

Veda, a neuroscientist, wants to do some imaging of participants memorizing picture cards. Because she does not have access to an fMRI machine, what is the next best technique she could use to get information about brain activity during the card task?

PET scan

Researchers are studying the changes in the composition of brain tissue during a disease. They are looking for accumulation of fat in brain tissue. Which of the following technologies should be used to assess tissues in the brain?

MRI

A team of neurobiologists is investigating the possibility that lack of vitamin produces subtle structure damage in a region of the brain. Which of the following techniques should be used by the team to check this issue?

MRI

Jamal is studying the structure of synaptic vesicles of neurons in the lab. He has dehydrated the tissue sample and then exposed it to special chemicals. What would be the best method to get a clear image of the structure of the vesicles?

An electron microscope

Which researcher first correlated blood flow in the brain with mental activity?

Angelo Mosso

Angela reports painful migraine headaches. Her doctor offers to enroll her in a clinical trial that uses a noninvasive method to decrease the occurrence of migraines. Which of the following technologies would be applied?

rTMS

A scientist is preparing a sample using brain tissue to visualize the nervous pathways connecting several regions of the brain. Which of the following stains would be the recommended choice

Myelin

In an experiment of mice’s response to food, a neurobiologist wants to identify the activity in a network of a single nervous cells of the brain. Which of the following techniques is the most suitable approach?

Optogenetics

The scientific study of the brain and nervous system, in health and in disease, is known as ___

Neuroscience

The idea that the body can be studied because it is physical, but the mind cannot be studied because it is not physical is called ___

Dualism

The drawings of the Spanish anatomists Ramon y Cajal show interconnected single branched cells. What aspect of the nervous system was discovered through his work?

The nervous system consists of individual cells

The observation of the details in the structure of individual neurons in a thin slice of tissue was made possible by the technological contribution of this scientist.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Which 2 famous scientists share the 1906 Nobel Prize for their work on the makeup of the nervous system?

Golgi and Cajal

Who is associated with the idea that the nervous system has a hierarchical organization?

John Hughlings Jackson

Which research method provides a way to observe the living brain as it engages in processes such as reading or emotional reactions?

fMRI

Jamal is in the lab studying the structure of synaptic vesicles of neurons. He has dehydrated the tissue to be studied and exposed it to special chemicals. What would be the best method to get a clear image of the structure of the vesicles?

An electron microscope

What is the purpose of a microtome?

Slicing tissue into thin sections

Kyung is in the lab studying a small number of single cell bodies. What stain would be best for her to use if she wants to obtain a detailed view of the structures?

Golgi

Which type of test differentiates between the tissue in the brain according to their chemical composition?

MRI

Dante has been having seizures and is undergoing a test in which supercooled sensors known as SQUIDs have been placed on his scalp. What type of test is being performed?

MEG

Janay is studying brain activity in rats that been exposed to cocaine and wants to determine whether the rate of action potential changes when the rats are no longer receiving cocaine. Which method is she most likely to use?

Single cell recording

Which method, which involves administering magnetic pulses to the brain through the scalp, shows promise in the treatment of depression?

rTMS

In animal studies, deliberate lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus resulted in the animals eating ___

Significantly more than before the lesion

Which technique involves using implanted micropipettes to filter tiny amounts of extracellular fluid from the area of the brain surrounding the tips of the pipettes?

Microdialysis

Steven is studying the rate of major depression in a population of high school students in the same school district. He is investigating the hypothesis that major depression has a strong genetic component. Which of the following results would support his hypothesis?

If a monozygotic twin has depression, the other twin raised in the same family has a high probability of being diagnosed with depression.

A new study is aimed at identifying genes important in the development of the movement disorder Parkinson’s disease. Which of the following approaches is considered the first step in forward genetic screen?

Individuals with Parkinson’s disease are enrolled in the study and their genome is analyzed

Adriana is looking at the concordance rates for major mental disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. What is she learning about?

The contribution of heredity to the disorders

A researcher is testing which area of the brain is involved in long term attention to task. She is following the regulations of protections for human participants. Which experiment step is required to follow the standard guidelines?

The researcher collects data anonymously, making it impossible to connect the data with individual participants

Which of the following studies would be considered ethical today?

A study on cheating in which Intro to Psych students are told they can volunteer to participate in exchange for a few extra credit points

What do the three Rs of ethical animal research include?

Refinement of methods to make them more humane