Phylogeny & Taxonomy

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8 Terms

1
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What is phylogeny?

The natural relatedness between groups of living beings; shown in a phylogenetic tree.

2
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What did Woese use to divide microorganisms into domains?

Small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssu 16S rRNA) sequences.

3
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What are the three domains of life?

  • Bacteria (true bacteria)

  • Archaea

  • Eukarya (eukaryotes)

4
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Describe Domain Bacteria.

  • Usually single-celled

  • cell wall with peptidoglycan

  • lack membrane-bound nucleus

  • ubiquitous

5
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Describe Domain Archaea.

  • Unique rRNA

  • lack peptidoglycan

  • often live in extreme environments (thermophiles, halophiles) —> can live in dead sea or salty environment

6
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What microbes are in Domain Eukarya?

Protists, fungi (also plants and animals).

7
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What are protists?

Generally unicellular, larger than bacteria; includes algae (photosynthetic) and protozoans (motile).

8
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What are fungi?

Range from unicellular (yeast) to multicellular (mold, mushroom); can be beneficial or harmful.