Textbook flashcards chapter 1

language is a?

complex and dynamic system of conventional symbols that is used in various lodes for thought and communication

the first characteristic of language warranting discussion is a?

code

symbols in language are called?

morphemes

what is a referant?

the aspect of the world to which the word refers

communication is the?

process of sharing information between a sender and a receiver

modularity is a?

cognitive science theory about how the human mind is organized within the structures of the brain

modules are?

regions of the brain developed to process specific types of information or whether the human brain itself is a generalized module

domain specific means?

domains in the brain can process only very specific types of information

thoughts a person keeps to themselves is known as?

inner language

thoughts that are written down are known as?

written language

the four systems are?

respiration, phonation, resonation, articulation

a model is a?

way to represent an unknown event on the basis of the best current evidence governing the event

a phoneme is the?

smallest unit of sound that can signal a difference in meaning

hearing (or audition) is the?

perception of sound

speech perception refers to?

how the brain processes speech and language

auditory perception is?

how the brain processes any type of auditory perception

what is the process called where phonemes produced in speech overlap with one another?

coarticulation

symbolic communication/referential communication occurs when?

an individual communicates about a specific entity

what is preintentional communication?

communication which other people assume the relationship between a communicative behavior and its referent

what is intentional communication?

precise in its intent and the relationship between the communicative behavior and its referent are not arbitrary

the combination of speaking and listening is a common mode of what?

oral communication

what is form?

how words, sentences, and sounds are organized and arranged to convey content

what is content?

the meaning of the language used

what is Use?

how people draw on language functionally to meet personal and social needs

what is phonology

the rules of language governing the sounds that make syllables and words

what is morphology?

the rules of language governing the internal organization of words

what is syntax?

the rules of language governing the internal organization of sentences

what is semantics?

the rules of language governing the meaning of individual words and word combinations

what is pragmatics?

the rules governing language use for social purposes

no other animals share the ability to communicate like humans do. what is this called?

species specificity

what is semanticity/displacement?

the sharing of events that occurred in the past, or will happen

what is producticity?

the combination of a small number of discrete units to seemingly infinite novel creations

what is a language difference?

a term that describes the variability among language users

which sex is more likely to have difficulties with language development/ have language impairments?

males/boys

children with a heritable language impairment exhibit what kind of language abilities, and how many children are affected?

they exhibit depressed language abilities, and 10% of children are affected

what are acquired brain injuries?

brain injuries that occur after birth

what is brain damage resulting from physical trauma called?

a traumatic brain injury/TBI