last test-the gospel of soteriology

Christ finished work in the gospel:

Christ's _ life

• Scripture repeatedly affirms that Jesus lived without _

• The gospels were trade Jesus as morally _

• He resisted _

• He challenged his opponents: which of you convinced with me of sin

• _ declared - I find no fault in him

Sinless

Sin

Flawless

Temptation

Pilate

Christ's sinless life was necessary

1. To qualify as the perfect _

2. To _ The law perfectly

3. To serve as the last _

Sacrifice

Fulfill

Adam

To qualify as the perfect sacrifice:

• Ot sacrifices had to be without _

• These foreshadowed _

• Jesus is called the _ of God

• As the true _ _, Christ had to be _ perfect

Blemish

Christ

Lamb

Passover Lamb

Morally

To fulfill the law perfectly:

• Humanity _ to obey God's law, Christ _

• We see the contrast between

• Adam disobedience led to _

• Christ’s obedience led to _ _ _

Failed, succeeded

Condemnation

Provision of righteousness

To serve as the last Adam:

• Adam represents humanity in _

• Christ represents humanity in _

• Where Adam brought _, Christ brings _

Failure

Obedience

Death, life

Note: When we think of Christ finish work as it relates to the gospel we normally focus on _ _

Along with his burial and Resurrection

Just remember…

• The cross may have _ the work

• But Christ's _/_ life made the cross possible

His death

Finished

sinless/ righteous

Without Christ's sinless life

• There is no spotless _

• There is no fulfilled _

• There is no righteous _

• There is no qualified _

Sacrifice

Law

Substitute

Mediator

Christ finished work in the gospel

Christ's death:

• The _ of Christ's death

  • At the _ of the Gospel

  • Not merely and example of _

  • But a _, _ act that accomplishes salvation for humanity

  • Christ's _ is the decisive act through which God _ with sin

  • _ Divine Justice

  • Makes _ available all

Sensuality

(Very) Heart

Suffering

substitutionary, redemptive

Death, deals

Satisfies

Salvation

The biblical _ of Christ's death:

• Because of _

  • All have _

  • Sin results in _

• Because of God's _

  • God is _

  • Sin must be _

• Because of God’s _

Remember the _ is where God's justice and love meet.

necessity

Sin

Sinned

Death

Justice

Holy

Judged

Love

Cross

Key terms related to Christ's death:

Atonement

• The biblical doctrine of reconciling humanity with God by _, _, or _ for sins through a substitute sacrifice

• Expiating means _; _ _

• It represents the at one ment or Restoration of a broken relationship achieved (temporarily) in the OT through animal sacrifice and finally fulfilled through Jesus Christ's death and shed blood on the cross

Covering, expiating, paying

Removal; taking away

Atonment:

The primary Hebrew word used for atonement is _or _

These mean _ _

Yom kippur also called _ _ _ _

As A theological word atonement is often used today as an all-inclusive, generic term for all that Christ death accomplished in dealing with sin

Kafar kippur

To cover

The day of atonment

Substitution:

• Christ takes the _ that we deserve- _ in our place

Propitiation

• Satisfying the _ of God Against sin by a sacrifice

• _ God's wrath

• Specifically the sacrifice of _ _

Reconciliation

• The _ of a broken relationship

• Making peace between a holy God and sinful humanity

• Literally- a return to _

penalty

dying

justice

Appeasing

Jesus Christ

Restoration

Favor

Redemption:

• Concise definition: to _ by paying a _

• To buy back or recover, specifically referring to the release of people from _ by paying a price

• Theological definition: to set free from the _ of sin, _, the curse of the _, the _ of God, and eternal _ by the paying of a ransom

• The ransom is the _ and _ _ of Jesus Christ

Deliver, price

Bondage

Bondage, death, law, wrath , judgment

Death, shed blood

Redemption:

• Apolutrosis: liberation obtained by the _ of a _, signifying a _ release from _, bondage, or _

• Agarazo/exagarazo: to _ in the _

• Agora- which could be called the _ _ of _

• Exagorazo-To Ransom _ (out of) the marketplace

• Lutroo: to _, to set _ by paying a price

• Lutron-_

Payment, Ransom, full, captivity, debt

Buy, market

Slave market, sin

From

Loose, free

Ransom

Redemption:

• Redemption is rooted in the OT _ _ concept (_)

• Where a relative buys back family property that has been sold due to poverty or redeems a family member who has sold himself into slavery because of poverty

• Who demonstrate the kinsman Redeemer concept?

• Not only does he perform the kinsman Redeemer role by buying the property, he also takes her to be his wife because her and her deceased husband had been childless

• Who acts as are kinsmen Redeemer by becoming human to pay the price for our sins with his blood (human makes him out kinsman)

• Redeeming us from spiritual slavery and restoring our inheritance

Kinsman Redeemer, Girl

Boaz and Ruth

Jesus Christ

Forgiveness

• The Divine act of canceling the legal _ of sin and releasing the sinner from _, accomplished solely through Christ’s _ _

debt

condemnation

substitutionary atonement

Forgiveness:

Aphiemi: This common term implies _ a debt, leaving it _, or _ it go.

Aphesis: This corresponding noun meaning _ or _, often used for forgiveness of sins

Charizomai: Is used frequently by _

• It derives from charis which means _

• And highlights that forgiveness is a _, a favor, or a gracious act

Canceling, behind, letting

Release, remission

Paul

Grace

Gift

Forgiveness:

• Forgiveness in Christ involves the _ of The sinner from God's _ and the complete _ of all _ against the sinner

• Though Christ died for everyone, the _ of forgiveness is available only to those who trust in Christ as Savior

Note: the death of Christ made forgiveness possible, but God has the right to set the _ by which man may receive forgiveness

This way is- _ toward God and _ toward our Lord Jesus Christ

Release, penalty, dismissal, charges

Benefit

Conditions

Repentance

Faith

Imputation:

• The act of _ or _ sin or righteousness to a person's _

  • Analogous to a financial transaction

• Passage 1 is …..

  • Our sin debt was _ on Christ on the cross

  • It is his work on the cross that _ the _ for our sin

  • Christ _ and his _ is what is credited to us when we put our faith in Jesus Christ for salvation

  • Note: we are not “ made righteous”

  • We are made “the righteousness of God in him”

    • _ righteous

    • _ in Christ's righteousness

    • _ in Christ

Crediting, transferring, account

2 Corinthians 5:21

placed

Pays, penalty

Payment, righteousness

Declared

Clothed

Accepted

Imputation:

Passage 2…..

• Logizomai Is the same word for ,_ ,_ or _

• This is a _ or _ term referring to taking an _, _, or placing something to a person's _

Romans 4

Impute, counted, reckoned

Financial, legal

Inventory, estimating, account

Justification

• The _ legal act of God where he _ a believing sinner _, forgiving their sins and imputing Christ's _ to them

• First passage. .. ….

  • God makes available _ righteousness to the sinner and a righteous standing on the part of the sinner

  • Made possible through the _, sacrificial death of Christ

  • Received through _ alone in _ alone- apart from any human _

  • Entirely a _ act of God- not deserved

instantaneous, declares, righteous, righteousness

Romans 3:20-28

His

substitutionary

Faith, Christ , merit

gracious

Justification

• scripture passage 2

  • This emphasizes that justification comes only through _ (_) in the righteous work of Christ

  • The declaration that man cannot earn his own _ is stated three times in this one verse

  • The sinner's righteous standing as justified is a _/_ status based on Christ's work- not based on the sinner's _

Galations 2:16

Faith, trust

justification

Given/declared work

What are the six theories of atonement?

1. Penal substitution theory

2. The satisfaction theory

3. Praiseus Victor theory

4. The moral influence theory

5. Governmental theory

6. Ransom to Satan theory

Penial substitution theory

• This is also called

• The core idea: christ took the _ for sin in the place of _

• The penalty is the _ of God

• This is the _ and _ biblical view

• It upholds

  • God's _

  • Christ’s

  • The necessity of _ _

Substitutionary atonement

penalty, sinners

wrath

Primary, essential

justice

substitution

Blood atonment

Why the necessity of the blood?

• God's Divine _ demands the _ _ for sin

• While death can take place without blood being shed, _ is that which represents _

• Since Christ's death was a _ for our deserved death, he literally gave his _ for ours

• Represented by the symbol of the life:_

• The principle of _ _ _ (this is represented by blood) was well established by God

  • Found in the OT sacrificial system

  • Found in the Passover

• Christ's atoning death on the cross _ his blood to be shed

• The cross is where he _ substituted/ gave his life for ours

• His blood being shed is the _ AND the literal _ of life

Justice, death penalty

Blood, life

Substitute, life

Blood

Life for Life

required

voluntarily

symbolic, representation

The satisfaction theory

• This was developed by _

• He was an 11th century Benedictine _ and _ of Canterbury

• The core idea: Christ satisfied God's _ rather than specifically bearing _

• He argued that sin is not just breaking a law but _ God of the honor and _ due to him

• Jesus's death as a perfectly obedient act provided more honor to God than all human sin had taken away- thus satisfying God

• Humanity must pay but only God is able to pay

• Therefore, the Savior had to be both God and man (the God man) to provide a sacrifice of infinite value, satisfying the demands of divine Justice

• The Divine Justice is a restoration of God's _

• Note: he did not primarily use explicit _ quotations to defend his theory

• He used _, _ _ to explain the necessity of the incarnation and atonement

Anselm

Monk, archbishop

Honor punishment

defrauding, obedience

honor

scripture

rational, logical, arguments

The evaluation of the satisfaction theory

• It does not focus on the _ of God against sin and _ for sin

• It stopped short of the full biblical truth of penal substitution by failing to emphasize that Christ took the retributive punishment of God upon himself

• Sees the satisfaction as being God's _ restored instead of God's _ for sin being paid

• Focuses on God's honor more than on God's _

• Note: Christ atonement did reflect well on God's honor however, Honor was not the _ purpose for Christ's _ death

Wrath, punishment

honor, penalty

holiness

primary, atoning

Christus Victor theory

• This is also called ….. or …….

• The core idea: Christ defeated the _ of evil- _, _, and the _- that held humanity in bondage

Evaluation of the christus Victor theory:

• Victory is a _ of the atonement- not the _ of the atonement

• It focuses on God's initiative and rescuing humanity, often treating the cross as a _ over systemic evil rather than satisfying a _ _

• Penal substitution sees the cross as _ for sin to satisfy God's _

• Chris's Victor sees it as a victory over the _ that destroy life

• Chris's Victor sees the penal substitution theory of the atonement as _ and _

• Note: Christ's victory over evil is certainly and important _ of his atonement. However, God's Divine Justice had to be satisfied. This required a _ _

Christ the victor, conqueror

powers, sin, death, devil

result, means

victory, legal penalty

punishment, justice

powers

violent, unpleasant

consequence, substitutionary atonement

The moral influence theory

• The core idea: Christ's death was a supreme _ of God's _ rather than a _ for sin

• Christ's selfless act _ love and repentance in humans, redeeming them by transforming their _ and encouraging a _ life

Evaluation of the moral influence theory

• Ignores sin’s _ and the need for _ _

• Ignores clear scripture that contradicts this theory (Romans 5:8-9)

• _ shows that the demonstration of God's love was seen in Christ's substitutionary death so that we can be saved from God's wrath

• Isaiah 53- talks about _, not an _

• They totally miss the point of the _

demonstration, love, penalty

inspires, hearts, moral

penalty, substitutionary atonement

Romans 5:8

substitution, example

atonement

Governmental theory

• The core idea: Christ's death was a public _ of God's _ and high regard for his _ _ rather than a _ punishment for individual sins

• The moral law- _ for sin

• God is viewed as a holy _/_ and the cross serves to uphold his righteous _, making it possible for him to forgive sinners without appearing _ towards sin

• Christ death was not a _ substitution

• Christ did not actually pay the _ for any man's sin

• What his death did was _ what mankind’s sin _ at the hand of the just Governor and judge of the universe

• Christ suffered as a substitute for _, not the punishment itself

• God can forgive because the dignity of his _ has been upheld, not because of a strict _ _ of sins for _

• God's justice is upheld through a public _- satisfying the need for justice

• Christ's sacrifice provides a _ basis for God to pardon sinner's without requiring them to _ the penalty

Note: in other words God _ the strict, retributive demands of the _ law to allow for the _ of sins

demonstration, justice, moral law, direct

hatred

Governor/judge, government, lenient

literal

penalty

demonstrate, deserved

punishment

law, legal exchange, righteousness

display

legal, pay

relaxes, moral, forgiveness

Evaluation of the governmental theory

• The governmental theory denies the actual _ for sin and _ substitution

• It contradicts scripture

• I Peter 3:18- just for the unjust

• Isaiah 53- make his soul an offering for sin

Note: God does not _ Justice- he fully _ it

payment, full

relax, satisfies

Ransom (to Satan) theory

• The core idea: Christ's death was a ransom _ made to _ to liberate humanity from bondage to _ and _

• It claims that because of humanity's fall into sin, Satan held a _ claim over mankind, and _ _ was the price paid to break that bondage

• Through sin, humanity effectively _ itself to the _

• This gave Satan a legal right over human _

• Since God is _ he could not simply seize humanity back by _

• Instead he offered a _: the life of his perfect son Jesus in exchange for _ of humanity

• God paid a _, Jesus 's death, to Satan to free humanity

• God then _ Satan because Jesus being God could not be held by death and rose again

• When Jesus rose from the dead on the third day he broke the power of death and Satan, leaving the devil with _ while humanity was set _

payment, Satan, sin, death

legal, Jesus 's death

sold, devil

souls

just, force

trade, all

ransom

tricks

nothing, free

Evaluation of the ransom to Satan theory

• Satan has no _ rights

• The Bible _ says humanity owes Satan a legal _ nor the Satan has a rightful _ over anyone

• Satan is a _ and _

• A usurper = one who seeks to take or hold position in power without _ right

• The ransom is paid to _ not _

• While Jesus gave his life as a ransom for many (Mark 10:45) scripture indicates this Ransom was paid to God to _ the requirements of _

• Requirements of Justice =the requirements of _ _ which demands _

• The _ (the blood of Christ) is presented as a _ to God

• They have the wrong view of the _

• The Bible describes the _ of the atonement as a _ over Satan not a _ transaction involving him

• This theory _ Satan

• This theory gives Satan too much credit and authority, positioning him as a legitimate _ with God rather than a _ foe

Note: Colossians 2:13-15 present Christ’s atonement on the cross as the total _ of a legal _ owed to God

Total satisfaction- _

A legal debt- caused by _

Owed to God- and his _

legal

never, debt, ownership

usurper, rebel

legitimate

God, Satan

satisfy, Justice

God's law, righteousness

ransom, sacrifice

atonement

result, victory, business

empowers

negotiator, defeated

satisfaction, debt

payment

sin

Justice

Concluding summary regarding Christ atonement

The atonement is

• _: Christ died for us

• _: Christ bore God's wrath

• _: God's justice was satisfied

• _: the price was fully paid

Everything else (the victory, honor, moral influence) flows from that _ (of _) not instead of it

Substitutionary

Penal

Propitiatory

Redemptive

foundation, atonement