FINAL TERM REVIEWER - 1st Sem CPAR

National Artist of the Philippines (Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas)

The highest recognition the Philippine government can give to a person of arts.

Presidential Proclamation No. 1001, s. 1972

The award was created through the presidential proclamation _____ to give recognition and respect to the citizens who have given outstanding contribution to Philippine arts.

3 years

The award is supposed to given every _____ years as mandated by the rules of NCCA. However, there are cases when the award is given the following year or not at all.

President

The person who bestows the award upon the recommendation of NCCA and CCP.

Filipino citizen; Works build a Filipino sense of nationhood; Led way to new expression or style; Work is an embodiment of excellence; Critically acclaimed by legitimate institutions

Nominees should have five (5) qualifications to receive the award:

FWLWC

Can

A Filipino artist who passed away can/cannot be nominated after death.

National Commissions for Culture and the Arts

NCCA

Cultural Center of the Philippines

CCP

NCCA and CCP

Acts as the Order of the National Artists Awards Secretariats for the opening and reviewing of nominations for the award.

PHP100000

Cash gift to the living artist.

PHP75000

Cash gift for those who were recognized after their death, given to the heir of the awardee.

Fernando Amorsolo

Recognized as the Philippines' first National Artist.

April 28 1972

Recognized as the Philippines' first National Artist on this date four days after his death.

Grand Old Man of Philippine Art

Title given to Fernando Amorsolo.

First National Artist; Celebration of Filipino Identity; Master of Light, Realism, and Romanticism

Enumerate three (3) reasons why Amorsolo deserves the title "Grand Old Man of Philippine Art":

FCM

Chiaroscuro

The Italian word that means "backlighting."

Realism

Accurate detail.

Romanticism

Light, beauty, idealism.

Backlighting

A signature technique of Amorsolo wherein subjects appear to glow against the canvas.

Carlos Botong Francisco

A pioneer of modernism and discovered the Angono Petroglyphs. He portrays scenes of heroism, struggle, and daily life.

Modernism

A movement that breaks away from traditional and classical art forms.

Victorio C. Edades

The Father of Modern Philippine Painting. He has a modernist style and uses raw and rough bold impasto strokes. He introduced the liberal arts program.

Impasto strokes

A painting technique where the artist applies thick layers of paint on the canvas or surface so that brush or palette knife marks are clearly visible. Helps convey movement, energy, and texture in a painting.

Paste

In English, the Italian word "Impasto" means _____.

Vicente Manansala

A pioneer of cubism. His works are combined concepts from rural and urban settings.

Cubism

The overlapping of geometric shapes.

Cesar Legaspi

A leading Filipino neorealist who focused on modern art. He portrays hardships in the working class and revealed emotions, strength, and dignity in his art.

Neorealism

An art movement that shows real-life situations and struggles of ordinary people but in a modern, stylized, and symbolic way.

Hernando R. Ocampo

Focuses on abstract. Themes of his works told of destruction and harshness of life after WW2.

J. Elizalde Navarro

A visual artist whose paintings are often made of abstract figures. Known for his incision painting.

Jose Joya

Created an authentic Filipino abstract and recognized as National Artist for Painting in 2003.

Incision painting

Art method where the artist scratches, carves, or cuts lines into the surface of the painting through layers of paint to reveal textures, patterns, or underlying colors.

Benedicto R. Cabrera

Popular for his series of works that feature a solitary figure of a scavenger whom he named Sabel.

Sabel

Represents the common Filipino. The iconic subject of BenCab who symbolizes the struggles, resilience, and dignity of the Filipino people, especially the poor and marginalized.

Scavenger

A person who collects discarded materials to survive.

Sabel series

Inspired by a real woman Cabrera saw in Manila, wrapped in plastic and cloth, BenCab portrayed her not as pitiful but as a symbol of beauty, grace, strength, hope, humanity, and the Filipino spirit amidst hardship.

Maiden in a Stream

By Amorsolo from 1921.

El Ciego

By Amorsolo from 1928.

https://tinyurl.com/mr2knwzn

Dalagang Bukid

By Amorsolo from 1936.

Planting Rice

By Amorsolo from 1946.

Sunday Morning Going to Town

By Amorsolo from 1958.

Filipino Struggles Through History

By Carlos "Botong" V. Francisco

The Builders

By Victorio C. Edades in 1928

- Earthy colors; Laborers; Resilience

Madonna of the Slums

By Vicente Manansala

- Poverty and Maternal love

Jeepneys

By Vicente Manansala

- Busy life but a happy one (depicted by the colors)

Kalabaw

By Vicente Manansala

- Hard work

https://tinyurl.com/59d3c7xz

Gadgets I

By Cesar T. Legaspi

- Human labor; Machines control humans

- Portrays a blend of realism and modernism

Genesis

By Hernando R. Ocampo

- Let there be Light

The Seasons

By Elizalde Navarro in 1992

- Related to change in emotion

https://tinyurl.com/2z5tat53

Makiling Interlude

By Jose Joya

- Related to human beings by peace and connection with nature

https://tinyurl.com/ytmu76vh

Woman with Fan

By Benedicto R. Cabrera

https://tinyurl.com/5hb7nvy9

Madonna with Objects

By Benedicto R. Cabrera in 1991

- Virgin Mary

https://tinyurl.com/3ubee5r4

Studies of Sabel

By Benedicto R. Cabrera in 1991

- Loneliness, isolation, hope

Francisca Reyes-Aquino

A dancer and researcher of Philippine folk dance with a research entitled "Philippine Folk Dances and Games."

Mother of Folk Dance

Reyes-Aquino is referred to as the "_____."

Tinikling

A dance Reyes-Aquino popularized involving the use of bamboo poles.

Carinosa

A dance Reyes-Aquino popularized involving the use of the fan and handkerchief.

Antonio J. Molina

Known as the "Dean of Filipino Composers" and for his impressionist style. He is acknowledged as a visionary of Philippine music. His inventions include the pentatonic scale, linear counterpoints, and lively ninth and eleventh cords.

Pentatonic scale

A musical scale with five notes per octave.

Counterpoint

The combination of two or more melodies played at the same time that sound harmonious together.

Linear counterpoints

Focuses on how each individual melodic line moves smoothly and independently rather than just forming chords. It gives a piece a layered and textured sound, showing how melodies "converse" with one another.

Chord

A group of notes played together.

Lively ninth and eleventh chords

Chords that make music sound bright, expressive, and modern.

Ang Batingaw

Orchestral music composed by Molina about a calling for awakening to show Filipino identity and unity.

Leonor O. Goquingco

Known by many names such as "Trailblazer," "Mother of Philippine Theater Dance," and "Dean of Filipino Performing Art Critics."

Trailblazer

A name for Goquingco that meant combining folk dances and classical ballet.

Filipinescas: Philippine Life, Legend, and Lore

A performance directed by Goquingco.

Jovita Fuentes

One of the first internationally acclaimed Filipino sopranos performing in various theater productions in Europe which afforded her to produce operas in the Philippines.

La Embahadora de Filipinas a su Madre Patria

A title given to Fuentes in Spain, the first and only of record.

LEDFASMP

Cio-Cio-San in Giacomo Puccini's Madame Butterfly

A performance where Fuentes starred as the geisha who was betrayed by an American man she married and committed suicide in despair.

Honorata "Atang" Dela Rama

Known as the Queen of Kundiman and starred in many Spanish zarzuelas or sarswelas.

Dalagang Bukid

The sarswela that starred Atang which was later adapted into a film (first Filipino movie) that featured her as a female lead as well. It is about love against all odds.

Antonino R. Buenaventura

He popularized ethnic tribe songs and made compositions inspired by them for the orchestra, symphony, and solo instruments.

Philippine Army Band

Buenaventura is credited with making this performance. Under his tutelage, it sounded like a symphony orchestra.

Lucrecia Reyes-Urtula

She made dances that showcase the different traditional dances and festivals in the Philippines (mountain dances, Spanish dances, Muslim dances) in the Bayanihan Philippine Dance Company.

Singkil

A dance staged by Reyes-Urtula inspired by a Maranao poem about a princess trying to escape.

Lucrecia R. Kasilag

Known for combining traditional tribal music with Western and used indigenous Filipino musical instruments in orchestral performances.

Toccata for Percussions and Winds

An instrumental work composed by Kasilag.

Levi Celerio

A profilic composer and lyricist who authored more than 4,000 songs, recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records, and the only person in the world to make music by using a leaf.

Pasko Na Naman; Ang Pasko ay Sumapit; Kahit Konting Pagtingin; Basta't Mahal Kita

Enumerate four (4) major works of Celerio:

PAKB

Ramon Pagayon Santos

His music is described as avant-garde, experimenting with different styles and forms such as serialism, electronic and contemporary, indeterminacy, and new vocal and improvisational techniques.

Ding Ding Nga Diwaya

A major work composed by Ramon Santos:

Ryan Cayabyab

Known as "Mr. C" in the entertainment industry and shared his talents and mentorship in his show "Ryan Ryan Musikahan."

Da Coconut Nut; Kay Ganda Ng Ating Musika; Tuwing Umuulan at Kapiling Ka

Enumerate three (3) major works of Cayabyab:

DKT

Arturo Luz

A National Artist for Visual Arts known for his minimalist and geometric style that celebrates order, movement, and modern Filipino aesthetics.

Bagong taon

A work by Luz that is a modernist painting that captures the festive spirit of New Year through abstract figures and balanced geometric forms.

Ang Kiukok

A Filipino expressionist painter rich in symbolism recognized for his bold colors and distorted figures that reflect human struggle and faith.

Geometric Landscape

A work by Kiukok that depicts a structured and abstract view of nature using sharp lines and vibrant forms, showing harmony in chaos.

Salvador Bernal

National Artist for Theater Design, known for elevating stage and costume design into a fine art using native materials and cultural motifs.

Father of Philippine Stage Design

Bernal is recognized as the "_____."

Dalagang Bukid

A theater design by Bernal where he recreated the rural Filipino setting with authenticity, emphasizing simplicity and national identity.

Ronald Allan Poe (Fernando Poe Jr.)

King of Philippine Movies.

Ronald Allan Poe (Fernando Poe Jr.)

He is celebrated for portraying heroic, kind-hearted Filipino men who fight for justice.

Panday Series

A legendary film series by Ronald Allan Poe about a blacksmith-hero who forges a magical sword to battle evil, symbolizing courage and righteousness.

Manuel Conde

A pioneering filmmaker who introduced epic and historical storytelling in Philippine cinema.

Ibong Adarna

A film adaptation by Conde of the famous Filipino epic combined fantasy, morality, and folklore in a visually imaginative way.

Francisco Coching

National Artist for Visual Arts and the "Dean of Filipino Illustrators," known for his comic book art that portrayed national heroes and ordinary Filipinos.

King of Komiks

Francisco Coching is recognized as the "_____."

Lapu-Lapu

An illustrated work by Coching that depicts the bravery of the first Filipino hero who resisted foreign invasion.

Larry Alcala

A cartoonist and illustrator famous for his humorous social commentaries that reflect Filipino life and values.