SIGMUND FREUD - PSYCHOANALYSIS

Flashcards about Freud's Theories

When was Freud born?

May 6, 1856

Where was Freud born?

Freiberg, Moravia

When did Freud die?

September 23, 1939

Where did Freud die?

London, England

What was the cause of Freud's death?

Euthanasia (cancer of the jaw)

What was Freud's occupation?

Psychiatrist/neurologist

What was Austrian Freud's nationality?

Austrian

According to psychoanalysis, what influences our present behavior?

Our past experiences, unconscious forces, biologically based drives of sex and aggression, and unavoidable conflicts in early childhood.

According to Freud, what are the two terms related to the dynamics of personality?

Instincts/drives and anxiety.

What are considered instincts/drives?

The basic elements of personality, the motivating forces that drive behavior and determine its direction.

What does the German term 'Trieb' mean?

A driving force or impulse.

What is the aim of instincts/drives?

To satisfy the need and thereby reduce the tension.

What are the two categories of instincts?

Life instincts and death instincts.

According to Freud, what is the aim of the sexual drive/life instincts?

The pleasure.

What is the psychic energy that is present in our life instincts?

Libido

What forms can sex take according to Freud?

Narcissism, love, sadism, and masochism.

What is primary narcissism?

Universal narcissism tendency of every person/every individual

What is Secondary narcissism?

It is not universal. Moderate degree of self-love is common to everyone, you cannot be able to establish or maintain a particular relationship if you don’t give yourself that particular self-love, attention or needs for yourself

What is love according to Freud?

When people invest their libido on an object or a person other than themselves.

According to Freud, who is the children first sexual interest?

The person who cares for them, generally the mother.

What is Catharsis?

The process of removing hysterical symptoms through “talking them out”.

What is Sadism?

It is need for sexual pleasure by inflicting pain or humiliation on another person

What is Masochism?

To experience sexual pleasure from suffering pain and humiliation inflicted either by themselves or by other.

What is the Greek word for death?

Thanatos

What is the aim of death instincts?

To return the organism to an inorganic state.

What is Impetus?

Amount of force exerted in satisfying the need.

What is Source?

The region or part of the body that is a state of excitation or tension.

What is Aim?

Seek pleasure by removing or reducing that tension or excitation.

What is Object?

Could be person or thing that serve as the means through which the aim is satisfied.

What is Anxiety?

A threat to the ego, and an objectless fear because we cannot be able to point the primary source

What are the three types of anxiety?

Realistic, neurotic, and moral.

What is Realistic anxiety?

An unpleasant, non specific feeling involving a possible danger.

What is Neurotic Anxiety?

As apprehension about an unknown danger. The feeling itself exists in the ego but it originate from id impulse

What is Moral Anxiety?

Conflict between the ego and the superego

What are the three levels of mental life?

Conscious, preconscious, and unconscious.

What is the Conscious?

Those mental elements in awareness at any given point in time.

What is the Preconscious?

Storehouse of our memories, perceptions and thoughts of which we are not consciously aware at the moment but we can easily summon to consciousness.

What is the unconscious?

The larger invisible portion of your structure, and storage of forces that we cannot or that beyond our control.

What are the structures/provinces of the mind?

Ego, superego, and id.

What is Id?

Governed by the pleasure principle, located in our unconscious, and beyond our awareness.

What is the Ego?

Governed by the reality principle and responsible for decision making.

What is the Superego?

Governed by the moral principle, tells us what’s right and wrong and the ethical standard.

What are the relationships among the ID, EGO, and SUPEREGO in three hypothetical persons?

Strong id vs weak ego vs feeble superego, strong but opposing demands of the id and superego, and strong ego and in control of both id and superego

What are the two characteristics of defense mechanisms?

Denials or distortions of reality in some way and operate unconsciously.

What is Repression?

Involves unconscious denial of the existence of something that causes anxiety.

What is Denial?

Involves denying the existence of an external threat or traumatic event.

What is Reaction Formation?

Involves expressing an id impulse that is the opposite of the one truly driving the person.

What is Projection?

Involves attributing a disturbing impulse to someone else.

What is Regression?

Involves retreating to an earlier, less frustrating period of life and displaying the childish and dependent behaviors characteristic of that more secure time.

What is Rationalization?

Involves reinterpreting behavior to make it more acceptable and less threatening.

What is Displacement?

Involves shifting id impulses from a threatening or unavailable object to a substitute object that is available.

What is Sublimation?

Involves altering or displacing id impulses by diverting instinctual energy into socially acceptable behaviors.

What are the psychosexual stages of development?

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.

What are erogenous zones?

Parts of the body that have especially strong pleasure giving qualities at particular stages of development such as mouth, anus, breast, neck, legs and genitals

What is Fixation?

The psychoanalytic defense mechanism that occurs when the individual remains locked in earlier developmental stage because needs are undergratified or over-gratified

What is the oral stage?

Birth to 1 1/2 years with the erogenous zone as the mouth.

What is the anal stage?

18-36 Months with the erogenous zone as the anus.

What is the phallic stage?

3-6yrs with the erogenous zone as the genital (Penis & Vagina).

What age does latency begin?

6-13 yrs.

What is the genital stage?

Puberty onwards with the erogenous zone as genitals.

What is the Oedipus Complex?

It is traditionally used to describe a boy's attraction towards the mother and sense of rivalry with father

What is Electra complex?

The Electra complex describes a girl's attraction towards the father and sense of rivalry with mother.

What is Free association?

A technique in which the client says whatever comes to mind.

What is Catharsis?

The expression of emotions that is expected to lead to the reduction ofndisturbing symptoms.

What is Transference?

When a client redirects their feelings from a significant other or person in their life to the therapist.

What is Countertransference?

When the therapist redirect their feelings onto their client.

What is Dream analysis?

A technique involving the interpretation of dreams to uncover unconscious conflicts.

What is Manifest Content?

The actual events in the dream.

What is Latent Content?

The hidden symbolic meaning of the dream’s events.

What is Freudian Slips (Slip of the Tougue)?

An unintentional error regarded as revealing subconscious feelings.