Federalism Study Guide

What are the powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not deny to the States?

reserved powers

What does the 10th Amendment provide for?

division of power

What are delegated powers? What are the 3 types of delegated powers?

powers granted to the national government under the United States Constitution
expressed, implied, and inherent

What powers can be exercised only by the National Government?

exclusive

What is federalism?

division of power of government

What powers given to the National Government are spelled out in the Constitution?

expressed powers

What powers are given to the National Government because it is the national government of a sovereign state in the world community?

inherent powers

What powers given to the National Government are reasonably suggested by the Constitution?

implied powers

What powers can be exercised by both the National Government and the States?

concurrent powers

Why did the Framers choose federalism?

government power must be restrained

What is "Republican Form of Government" generally understood to mean?

a representative government

What is the one restriction that the Constitution places on the National Government in the admission of new states into the Union?

they can't be political or create a new state out of a new state

What are grants intended for a broadly defined purpose such as health care, social services, or welfare?

block grants

What kind of act creates a new State?

act of admission

Which grants have a narrowly-defined purpose such as school lunches, airport construction, or wastewater treatment plants?

categorical grants

What are the grants of federal money or other resources to the States and/or their cities, counties, or other local units called?

grants-in-aid programs

What are the National Government's obligations to the States?

protect each state from invasion as well as against domestic violence

What is an agreement between States with Congressional consent?

interstate compacts

In Article IV, Section 1 of the Constitution, what term refers to documents such as a birth certificate?

records

In Article IV, Section 1 of the Constitution, what term refers to laws of a state?

public acts

In Article IV, Section 1 of the Constitution, what term refers to the outcome of court actions?

judicial proceedings

What constitutional clause requires a State government to recognize valid laws, documents, and rulings from other State governments?

supremacy clause

What is the legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one State can be returned to that State?

extradition laws

What constitutional clause prohibits a State from drawing unreasonable distinctions between its own residents and those of persons living in other States?

14th amendment

Which court case involved drawing unreasonable distinctions between citizens of different States?

Hicklin vs Orbeck

What are the exceptions to the Full Faith and Credit Clause?

civil matters

What constitutional clause allows people of one State to travel to another State without a special passport?

privileges and immunities clause

What clause deals with conflicts between national law and State law?

supremacy clause

What is an interstate compact?

an agreement between states with the consent of Congress

What court case justified the ideas of implied powers & the supremacy clause?

McCulloch v. Maryland

What did the Supreme Court rule in the court case U.S. v. Lopez?

the federal government cannot base a law prohibiting gun possession near schools on the Commerce Clause.

What did the Morrill Act help establish?

land grant colleges and universities

According to the Chicago Tribune article, which of the following would best describe when the National Guard was called into duty and operated under the control of the president to control internal disorder in the states the most?

dealt with civil rights

What constitutional clause requires a State government to recognize valid laws, documents, and rulings from other State governments?

full faith and credit