gram-angielski

1. Strona Bierna (Passive Voice) Ten temat jest wielokrotnie podkreślany jako "mas egzaminacyjny"

1. Strona Bierna (Passive Voice) Ten temat jest wielokrotnie podkreślany jako "mas egzaminacyjny"

The new company policy (announce) last week.

The new company policy was announced last week.

The report (write) by the end of the day.

The report must be written by the end of the day.

English (speak) in all meetings now.

English is spoken in all meetings now.

The mistake (identify) by the engineers.

The mistake was identified by the engineers.

Customer complaints (deal with) efficiently.

Customer complaints are dealt with efficiently.

The new product (launch) next month.

The new product will be launched next month.

Our website (redesign) since last year.

Our website has been redesigned since last year.

The decision (make) by the management yesterday.

The decision was made by the management yesterday.

Training sessions (hold) regularly to improve skills.

Training sessions are held regularly to improve skills.

The contract (sign) by tomorrow at the latest.

The contract needs to be signed by tomorrow at the latest.

The email (send) a month ago.

The email was sent a month ago.

All documents (translate) into three languages.

All documents have to be translated into three languages.

The issue (discuss) at the next meeting.

The issue will be discussed at the next meeting.

This building (construct) in 2020.

This building was constructed in 2020.

The problem (resolve) by the technicians.

The problem can be resolved by the technicians.

The company's reputation (build) on good quality.

The company's reputation is built on good quality.

The exhibition (host) next week.

The exhibition will be hosted next week.

The figures (check) by Angela tomorrow.

The figures will be checked by Angela tomorrow.

2. Mowa Zależna (Reported Speech) To kolejny "mas egzaminacyjny", który wymaga zmiany czasu ("jeden czas do tyłu") i szyku zdania

2. Mowa Zależna (Reported Speech) To kolejny "mas egzaminacyjny", który wymaga zmiany czasu ("jeden czas do tyłu") i szyku zdania

Direct: "I am working on a new project." Reported: She said that she (work) on a new project.

She said that she was working on a new project.

Direct: "We finished the task yesterday." Reported: They told me they (finish) the task the day before.

They told me they had finished the task the day before.

Direct: "I will call you back soon." Reported: He promised that he (call) me back soon.

He promised that he would call me back soon.

Direct: "I have lived here for five years." Reported: She mentioned that she (live) there for five years.

She mentioned that she had lived there for five years.

Direct: "It’s too late to change the plan." Reported: He said that it (be) too late to change the plan.

He said that it was too late to change the plan.

Direct: "Our sales have fallen slightly." Reported: She reported that their sales (fall) slightly.

She reported that their sales had fallen slightly.

Direct: "I don't have enough time." Reported: He explained that he (not have) enough time.

He explained that he didn't have enough time.

Direct: "What seems to be the problem?" Reported: He asked what (seem) to be the problem.

He asked what seemed to be the problem.

Direct: "How can I help you?" Reported: She asked how she (can) help me.

She asked how she could help me.

Direct: "Did you look through the portfolio?" Reported: She wondered if I (look) through the portfolio.

She wondered if I had looked through the portfolio.

Direct: "When would you like to meet?" Reported: He asked when I (like) to meet.

He asked when I would like to meet.

Direct: "What transport are you going to use?" Reported: They inquired what transport I (be going to use).

They inquired what transport I was going to use.

Direct: "Is it too early to ask about the results?" Reported: He asked if it (be) too early to ask about the results.

He asked if it was too early to ask about the results.

Direct: "Where do you come from originally?" Reported: She asked where I (come from) originally.

She asked where I came from originally.

Direct: "Do you know where the castle opens?" Reported: Could you tell me if you (know) where the castle opens?

Could you tell me if you knew where the castle opens?

Direct: "Are you staying in the same place?" Reported: He asked if I (stay) in the same place.

He asked if I was staying in the same place.

Direct: "Please don't cheat during the exam." Reported: The teacher asked us (not cheat) during the exam.

The teacher asked us not to cheat during the exam.

Direct: "Turn off the program for a couple of hours." Reported: He advised them (turn off) the program for a couple of hours.

He advised them to turn off the program for a couple of hours.

Direct: "Give your name to reception." Reported: She told him (give) his name to reception.

She told him to give his name to reception.

Direct: "Don't spend too long on this point." Reported: She suggested (not spend) too long on that point.

She suggested not spending too long on that point.

Direct: "Be prepared to take risks." Reported: She advised him (be prepared) to take risks.

She advised him to be prepared to take risks.

3. Okresy Warunkowe (Conditionals) Gramatyka ta jest również "masem egzaminacyjnym", obejmując typ zerowy, pierwszy i drugi. Ważne jest, aby nie używać "would" po "if"

3. Okresy Warunkowe (Conditionals) Gramatyka ta jest również "masem egzaminacyjnym", obejmując typ zerowy, pierwszy i drugi. Ważne jest, aby nie używać "would" po "if"

If you heat ice, it (melt).

If you heat ice, it melts.

If I (order) in bulk, I usually get a discount.

If I order in bulk, I usually get a discount.

If you (not pay) much, you don't expect much.

If you don't pay much, you don't expect much.

If the project (fail), we will lose market share.

If the project fails, we will lose market share.

If you (meet) your targets, you will get a bonus.

If you meet your targets, you will get a bonus.

If you (have) any questions, you can ask me.

If you have any questions, you can ask me.

If the battery (run out) in 6 hours, it's a design problem.

If the battery runs out in 6 hours, it's a design problem.

If we (not finish) on time, we will miss the deadline.

If we don't finish on time, we will miss the deadline.

If you (need) a taxi, I will book one for you.

If you need a taxi, I will book one for you.

If you (do) your homework, you are halfway there.

If you do your homework, you are halfway there.

If you (give) me the fax number, I'll fax it.

If you give me the fax number, I'll fax it.

If I (have) enough money, I would travel the world.

If I had enough money, I would travel the world.

If I (be) you, I would take that job offer.

If I were you, I would take that job offer.

If they (try) to help me, I would have been a customer for life.

If they tried to help me, I would have been a customer for life.

If you (offer) us a good price, we might accept.

If you offered us a good price, we might accept.

If it (be) a fire in the building, what would you do?

If it were a fire in the building, what would you do?

4. Formy Czasu Przyszłego (Future Forms) Materiały omawiają cztery główne sposoby wyrażania przyszłości: will + infinitive, be going to, present continuous i present simple

4. Formy Czasu Przyszłego (Future Forms) Materiały omawiają cztery główne sposoby wyrażania przyszłości: will + infinitive, be going to, present continuous i present simple

I think our company (grow) significantly next year. (Predykcja)

I think our company will grow significantly next year.

We (meet) our sister this evening. (Ustalenie)

We are meeting our sister this evening.

The train to Berlin (leave) at 8 AM. (Rozkład jazdy)

The train to Berlin leaves at 8 AM.

Look at those dark clouds! It (rain). (Dowody)

Look at those dark clouds! It is going to rain.

I (learn) to drive next year. (Intencja)

I am going to learn to drive next year.

By this time tomorrow, I (study) for my exam.

By this time tomorrow, I will be studying for my exam.

The conference (start) at 9:00 AM.

The conference starts at 9:00 AM.

I'm sure you (find) your feet soon.

I'm sure you will find your feet soon.

They (not accept) your proposal unless it is innovative.

They will not accept your proposal unless it is innovative.

We (discuss) figures when we've considered what's possible.

We can discuss figures when we've considered what's possible.

5. Czasy Teraźniejsze (Present Simple & Present Continuous) Używane odpowiednio dla ogólnych prawd i nawyków, oraz dla tymczasowych sytuacji i bieżących działań

5. Czasy Teraźniejsze (Present Simple & Present Continuous) Używane odpowiednio dla ogólnych prawd i nawyków, oraz dla tymczasowych sytuacji i bieżących działań

He usually (commute) between France and Belgium.

He usually commutes between France and Belgium.

Right now, I (design) a new company website.

Right now, I am designing a new company website.

What (do) you do to meet your customers' needs?

What do you do to meet your customers' needs?

I (cover) for a colleague who is on maternity leave.

I am covering for a colleague who is on maternity leave.

The company (specialize) in consultancy.

The company specializes in consultancy.

We (currently update) our corporate image.

We are currently updating our corporate image.

She (often travel) for work.

She often travels for work.

Our industry (have) a bit of a downturn at the moment.

Our industry is having a bit of a downturn at the moment.

The company (donate) time and services to environmental groups.

The company donates time and services to environmental groups.

My job (involve) visiting different hotels.

My job involves visiting different hotels.

She (work) for free in New York for six months.

She worked for free in New York for six months.

While I (talk) on the phone, the screen suddenly went blank.

While I was talking on the phone, the screen suddenly went blank.

I didn't recognize him because he (change) a lot.

I didn't recognize him because he had changed a lot.

We (already finish) the meeting when he arrived.

We had already finished the meeting when he arrived.

They (just be) on the phone for an hour with a difficult customer.

They had just been on the phone for an hour with a difficult customer.

The delivery (arrive) out of office hours.

The delivery arrived out of office hours.

She (not feel) comfortable with the task, so she didn't answer.

She wasn't feeling comfortable with the task, so she didn't answer.

He (book) the venue two weeks ago.

He booked the venue two weeks ago.

We (not expect) such difficulties.

We had not expected such difficulties.

I (be) responsible for finalizing the building in Warsaw.

I was responsible for finalizing the building in Warsaw.

7. Słowotwórstwo (Word Formation) Często wymagane jest przekształcenie rzeczownika w przymiotnik lub odwrotnie

7. Słowotwórstwo (Word Formation) Często wymagane jest przekształcenie rzeczownika w przymiotnik lub odwrotnie

Deception (noun) -> (adjective)

Deception -> Deceptive

Fair (adjective) -> (noun)

Fair -> Fairness

Generosity (noun) -> (adjective)

Generosity -> Generous

Corrupt (adjective) -> (noun)

Corrupt -> Corruption

Prejudice (noun) -> (adjective)

Prejudice -> Prejudiced

The price was (ridiculous). (Użyj odpowiedniego intensyfikatora)

The price was absolutely ridiculous.

The new concept is (brilliant). (Użyj odpowiedniego intensyfikatora)

The new concept is extremely brilliant.

It's (impossible) to finish on time. (Użyj odpowiedniego intensyfikatora)

It's very impossible to finish on time. (Choć jest to przykład z nagrania, zazwyczaj "impossible" jest niestopniowalne, więc "absolutely impossible" byłoby bardziej standardowe w formalnym języku.)

The procedure is (complex). (Użyj odpowiedniego intensyfikatora)

The procedure is really complex / extremely complex.