Chapter 11: manifest destiny

Joint occupation

\-meant that people from both the U.S and Great Britain could settle in Oregon Territory.

\
\-agreement made by John Adams

Emigrant

American pioneers that left the U.S to go to Oregon.

\
* exiting a country

Manifest Destiny

many Americans in the 1800s believed that it was the US. mission to occupy the entire continent, as it was an right given to them by providence and god.

James K. Polk

• Supported Americas claim for sole ownership over Oregon (wanted Oregon)

• Slogan was fifty- four forty or fight

• principal opponent was = to Henry Clay

What was the Adams-Onis Treaty?

Many Americans wanted Oregon, so John Quincy Adams negotiated treaty with Spanish; they gave up any claim to Oregon

\-Russia also gave up claim

* only Britain remained challenge to American control of Oregon

= so joint occupation happened

What was the Oregon Trail?

Long journey, thousands of emigrants crossed the Great Plains through South Pass and Rocky Mountains

What were conditions like in the Oregon Trail?

conditions were terrible, wagons were stuffed, bad storms and diseases

What did Fifty- four Forty or Fight mean?

slogan made by John Quincy Adams that references the expansion of the US. that president James K. Polk called for

* Texas, north CA and Oregon Territory

Annex

To take control of

Stephen F. Austen

Urged people to unite

• tried to start the rebellion

• leader of Texas settlment

General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

Mexican president (actually turned into an dictator)

Bad and arrested Austin

Who offered land in Texas? and to whom?

The Spanish offered land in Texas to Agreeing settlers?

Why did they offer land in Texas?

They wanted to promote growth of Texas, and faster economical growth (populate)

What were the three reasons Texas wanted independence from Mexico?

• because of Manifest Destiny

• They feared Mexico would try to end slavery

• Mexico stopped all immigration from the U.S

What was the Battle of the Alamo?

Battle absolutely destroyed the Texans(Americans)

Why was the Battle of the Alamo important?

* motivated the soldiers during the last battle and San jacinto for victory.

Texas became a US state on..

December 29th 1845

ranchero

ranch owner

cede

to give (land)

Californio

Mexicans who lived in CA

William Becknell

founded the Santa Fe Trail

Jedediah Smith

One of the most famous beaver hunters, worked with Natives, large farming, growing establishments.

John C. Fremont

made California popular with his several trips and wrote a lot about it

* army officer

What was the disagreement that started the Mexican-American War?

1. Texas was annexed by the U.S
* disputed border boundary

What did both sides think the border was?

America thought the border was = Rio Grande

\
Mexico= Nuceus River

The Mexican-American War ended when?

Mexico surrendered to America with the Capture of Mexico City

What treaty ended Mexican American war?

Treaty of Guadalupe

Who won Mexican American War?

America

What did the U.S gain in from victory in Mexican American War?

55 percent of land, like New Mexico, Texas, California

• gave Mexico city though since U.S did not want it also gave millions of dollars

Forty Niner

People who came to CA looking for gold in 1849

Boomtown

made when people rushed for gold, communities that were built overnight

Vigilante

Took the laws/ justice into their own hands

Joseph Smith

Mormon religion founder, killed by an mob

Brigham Young

Took over Mormon after Smith died, moved them to Utah (Near Great Salt Lake)

Describe life in California gold mining camps

Most did not have much mining experience,

• merchants made everything very very expensive

• High criminal activity

• not much women

What were the three results of the CA Gold Rush?

• increased population

• doubled world supply of gold

• Economy expanded, agriculture, trade (cities grew a lot) (no one wanted to go anywhere else like NY)

How long did it take for Texas to become an American state?

10 years

Why didn’t Utah become a state until 1896?

Didn’t trust federal authority and gov

* Mormons fled because of persecution (not main reason)

Which battle recognized Texas independence an ended Texas revolution?

Battle of San Jacinto

What was Texas called after Independence?

Lone Star Republic

Why did Mexico stop U.S immigration?

Worried Americans outnumbering Mexicans

Why did Texans want independence?

Santa Anna became a dictator

Why did the Mormons not want to be a state?

They were persecuted by Christians

Why Pacific Ocean?

Everyone wanted a pacific ocean because it would offer protection

What was border of Oregon Territory?

49N Parrallel for joint occupation

Why is Alamo important?

led victory at San Jacinto Battle