Chemistry - U3 AOS1 - carbon based fuels, measuring changes in chemical reactions, primary galvanic cells and fuel cells as sources of energy

fuel

a substance with stored energy that can release relatively easily to generate heat or power. The stored energy can be in the form of chemical energy (methane), or in the form of nuclear energy (uranium)

sustainable

able to support energy amd resources into future without depletion

non-renewable

resources which are used up at a faster rate than they can be replaces

renewable energy source

a source of energy which come from sources that are readily replenished, e.g solar energy, wind power, hydroelectricity

renewable fuel

a fuel that can be replaced at a sustainable rate.

renewables

fuels that can be replaced at a sustainable rate, also known as renewable fuels

biodiesel

a fuel derived from plant or animal matter, consisting of long-chain alkyl esters. Biodiesel is typically made by reacting, triglycerides with an alcohol

bioethanol

ethanol is made by fermenting the sugar and starch component of plants using yeast

biofuel

a fuel that can be produced from crops or other organic material. Examples of biofuels are ethanol from the fermentation of sugars, methane from digestion in animals, and biogas from plants and animal wastes.

biogas

a mixture of gases produced by the decomposition of organic matter in the absense of oxygen.

biomass

organic material from living things such as crop or forest waste

combustion

a rapid reaction with oxygen accompanied by the release of large amounts of heat: also called burning.

complete combustion

a hydrocarbon undergoes complete combustion with oxygen at high temperatures when the only products are carbon dioxide and water

incomplete combustion

a combustion reaction that takes place when oxygen is limited. Incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons produced carbon and carbon monoxide and water (?)

Petroleum (crude oil)

A mixture of hydrocarbon molecules that are members of the homologous series of alkanes.