ART 112 Early Renaissance

In the 1400s, the city of Florence was ruled by: 1. A prince, who held full political sovereignty by hereditary right 2. A committee of Florentine wage-earning laborers 4. A committee whose members were elected by popular vote 4. A committee of wealthy Florentine merchants, bankers and tradesmen

4. A committee of wealthy Florentine merchants, bankers and tradesmen

In the context of Renaissance-era Italian culture, a 'humanist' is: 1. a priest dedicated to saving human souls 2. A member of a movement promoting a more humane, morally correct society

3. A scholar of literature, history, languages and philosophy whose studies focus on ancient Greco-Roman culture 4. A scholar of literature, history, languages and philosophy whose studies focus on the culture of Early Medieval Western Europe

3. A scholar of literature, history, languages and philosophy whose studies focus on ancient Greco-Roman culture

Which of the following qualities make Leon Battista Alberti a 'humanist'? 1. Alberti was an architect, and designed several churches in Florence and elsewhere in Italy 2. Alberti was from Florence, the city in Italy where the Renaissance began 3. Alberti studied and imitated the works of ancient Greco-Roman authors like Aristotle and Quintilian 4. Alberti was a close friend of Brunelleschi, Donatello and Masaccio

In the Introduction to his Treatise on Painting (which you have read) Leon Battista Alberti praised the city of Florence for: 1. Introducing the French Gothic style to Italy 2. Reviving the arts, which Alberti believed had been lost since antiquity 3. Creating a new banking system, which was the basis for the city's wealth 4. Maintaining the city's Republican form of government in the face of foreign threats

2. Reviving the arts, which Alberti believed had been lost since antiquity

The city of Florence was founded in the time of:

1. The Roman Republic 2. The Early Middle Ages 4. The High Middle Ages 4. The Renaissance

1. The Roman Republic

In Italian, the word duomo means: 1. 'Dome' 2. 'Cathedral' 3. 'Man' 4. 'To live alone'

2. 'Cathedral'

The duomo of Florence is dedicated to:

1. The Virgin Mary 2. Jesus 3. A martyr saint 4. One of the twelve apostles

3. A martyr saint

Who was the architect who designed the dome on the duomo?

1. Leon Battista Alberti 2. Filippo Brunelleschi 3. Donatello 4. Masaccio

2. Filippo Brunelleschi

Compared to the dome of Hagia Sophia, Brunelleschi's dome is: 1. Later in date and taller

2. Earlier in date and taller 3. Later in date and less tall 4. Earlier in date and less tall

1. Later in date and taller

The person who designed the duomo also: 1. Wrote a treatise on painting 2. Created the first free-standing nude sculpture since antiquity 3. Invented linear perspective 4. Led a return to the Gothic style in art

3. Invented linear perspective

In the introduction of his Treatise on Painting, Leon Battista Alberti praises Brunelleschi for constructing the dome of Florence's duomo without: 1. The use of mathematics 2. The use of a compass 3. The use of 'centering' to support the dome as it was constructed 4. Bankrupting the republican government of the city of Florence

3. The use of 'centering' to support the dome as it was constructed

In the 1400s, the city of Mantua was ruled by: 1. A prince, who held full political sovereignty by hereditary right 2. A committee of Mantuan wage-earning laborers 4. A committee whose members were elected by popular vote 4. A committee of wealthy Mantuan merchants, bankers and tradesmen

1. A prince, who held full political sovereignty by hereditary right

The person who designed the church of sant andrea also: 1. Wrote a treatise on painting 2. Created the first free-standing nude sculpture since antiquity 3. Invented linear perspective 4. Led a return to the Gothic style in art

1. Wrote a treatise on painting

What makes the style of church of sant andrea is typical of Renaissance architecture? 1. The use of Egyptian pylon gates 2. The use of Gothic architectural ornamentation 3. The use of Greco-Roman architectural elements 4. All of the above

3. The use of Greco-Roman architectural elements

The presence of a nave, side aisles, a transept, and an apse mean that Sant'Andrea is an example of which building type? 1. A central-planed structure 2. A pylon temple 3. A Roman triumphal arch 4. A basilica

4. A basilica

Which of the following does NOT appear in the interior of the church of sant andrea? 1. pointed arches 2. Coffering 3. rounded vaults 4. side chapels

1. pointed arches

The side chapels found on either side of the nave of churches like Sant'Andrea were usually owned by: 1. The priests who officiated in the church 2. Wealthy private families 3. The artists who painted the altarpieces found in the chapels 3. The impoverished laborers who lived near the church

2. Wealthy private families

According to Giorgio Vasari's Lives of the Artists, the Italian painter Masaccio was the hero of which "age" of Italian art? 1. The first age (the 1300s) 2. The second age (the 1400s) 3. The third age (the 1500s) 4. Vasari never mentions Masaccio

2. The second age (the 1400s)

The medium of the The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John and Two Donors: 1. mosaic 2. stained glass 3. fresco

3. fresco

What does the Latin term memento mori mean? 1. 'The Lamb of God' 2. 'Repetition is the key to learning' 3. 'Care of souls' 4. 'Reminder of death'

4. 'Reminder of death'

Who are the two figures standing on either side of the cross, closest to Jesus in The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John and Two Donors? 1. Mary and Saint John the Evangelist 2. Mary and Saint John the Baptist 3. Mary and Saint Peter 4. The donors (those who paid for the painting)

1. Mary and Saint John the Evangelist

Who are the two figures kneeling on the ledge just above the skeleton in The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John and Two Donors? 1. Mary and Saint John the Evangelist 2. Mary and Saint John the Baptist 3. Mary and Saint Peter 4. The donors (those who paid for the painting)

4. The donors (those who paid for the painting)

Which of the following monuments does the architecture in the The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John and Two Donors painting most closely resemble? 1. The Parthenon 2. Hagia Sophia 3. The Arch of Titus 4. The Pantheon

3. The Arch of Titus

The perspectival technique that was used for the first time in the The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John and Two Donors is called:

1. Atmospheric perspective 2. Diminution 3. Linear perspective 4. Overlapping

3. Linear perspective

The perspectival technique that was used for the first time in the The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John and Two Donors painting was invented by:

1. Masaccio 2. Alberti 3. Donatello 4. Brunelleschi

4. Brunelleschi

The style of Christ's physiognomy in the The Holy Trinity with the Virgin, St. John and Two Donors painting represents a general trend in 15th-century Italian art toward increased:

1. Naturalism 2. Idealism 3. Realism 4. Answers 1 & 2 5. Answers 1 & 3

4. Answers 1 & 2 (Naturalism and Idealism)

The fact that this is a 'Renaissance' work is primarily shown by the work's:

1. Subject matter

2. Style

2. Style

Both of these David statues was made by: 1. Alberti 2. Brunelleschi 3. Masaccio 4. Donatello

4. Donatello

Both of these David statues depict: 1. An Old Testament hero 2. A New Testament hero 3. A Roman god 4. A Greek athlete

1. An Old Testament hero

The original location of Donatello's marble David was: 1. The exterior of Florence Cathedral

2. The headquarters of the republican government of Florence 3. The home of a member of the Medici family 4. A private side chapel belonging to the Medici family

2. The headquarters of the republican government of Florence

An inscription on the base of the David marble statue: 1. Dedicates the statue to the Medici family

2. Dedicates the statue to a monastery in exchange for the prayers of the monks 3. Commemorates a deceased Florentine soldier 4. Asks God for help in protecting the Florentine Republic from its enemies

4. Asks God for help in protecting the Florentine Republic from its enemies

The original location of Donatello's bronze David was: 1. The exterior of Florence Cathedral

2. The headquarters of the republican government of Florence 3. The home of a member of the Medici family 4. A private side chapel belonging to the Medici family

3. The home of a member of the Medici family

Compared to the marble statue, the bronze David one is: 1. Later and more Gothic in style 2. Earlier and more Gothic in style 3. Later and more Greco-Roman in style 4. Earlier and more Greco-Roman in style

3. Later and more Greco-Roman in style

The bronze David statue has the distinction of being 1. The first work of Renaissance art to return to the Greco-Roman style 2. The first freestanding nude statue since ancient times 3. The first depiction of David made by a Florentine artist 4. The last Gothic style work made by Donatello

2. The first freestanding nude statue since ancient times

What aspects of the bronze David statue could have been perceived as a threat to Christian doctrine and values? 1. The figure's sensuous nude body 2. The statue's freestanding, "in the round", format 3. All of the above 4. None of the above

1. The figure's sensuous nude body

The fact that Donatello's bronze David is a 'Renaissance' work is primarily shown by the bronze statue's: 1. Subject matter 2. Style

2. Style

The original location of The Birth of Venus was: 1. The exterior of Florence Cathedral

2. The headquarters of the republican government of Florence 3. The home of a member of the Medici family 4. A private side chapel belonging to the Medici family

3. The home of a member of the Medici family

The subject of The Birth of Venus was inspired by a painting from ancient Greece described in the writings of which author? 1. Plato 2. Aristotle 3. Pliny 4. Saint Augustine

3. Pliny

The pose of the figure of Venus in The Birth of Venus painting was inspired by: 1. Botticelli's mistress

2. A passage from Polycleitus's treatise on perfect human proportions 3. The Aphrodite of Knidos by Praxiteles 4. A passage from Leon Battista Alberti's Treatise on Painting which describes ideal female beauty

3. The Aphrodite of Knidos by Praxiteles

Which of the following figures lived in Florence in Botticelli's time, and would likely have approved of Botticelli's Venus?

1. Marsillio Ficino 2. Girolamo Savonarola 3. Aristotle 4. Bernard of Clairvaux

1. Marsillio Ficino

Which of the following figures lived in Florence in Botticelli's time, and would likely have disapproved of Botticelli's Venus?

1. Marsillio Ficino 2. Girolamo Savonarola 3. Aristotle 4. Bernard of Clairvaux

2. Girolamo Savonarola

Girolamo Savonarola was:

1. A Florentine banker 2. A Neo-Platonist philosopher 3. A Florentine artist 4. A preacher

4. A preacher

In the 1490s, Botticelli became a follower of:

1. Marsillio Ficino 2. Girolamo Savonarola 3. Bernardino da Siena 4. Bernard of Clairvaux

2. Girolamo Savonarola

When Botticelli became a follower of Girolamo Savonarola, he: 1. Gave Savonarola a painting of Venus, shown nude 2. Burned nude paintings that he had made, out of fear that they were sinful 3. Helped to condemn Savonarola to death

2. Burned nude paintings that he had made, out of fear that they were sinful

An altarpiece is a work of art that is most closely related to which of the following aspects of Christian worship and ritual? 1. Mass 2. Baptism 3. Pilgrimage 4. Private devotion

4. Private devotion

Where was the Annunciation painting originally located? 1. In the home of a member of the Medici family

2. In the headquarters of the republican government of Florence 3. In the home of the artist, above the couch in his living room 4. On the altar of a private side chapel in a Florentine church

4. On the altar of a private side chapel in a Florentine church

The original source for the story of the Annunciation is: 1. The Old Testament 2. The New Testament 3. Dante's Divine Comedy 4. Pope Gregory the Great's letter to a French Bishop

2. The New Testament

The miracle of Jesus's conception, when "God became flesh", is called the:

1. Trinity 2. Immaculate Conception 3. Incarnation 4. Nativity

3. Incarnation

A predella is: 1. Part of an altarpiece 2. Part of a Renaissance façade 3. Part of an illuminated manuscript 4. Part of a fresco painting

1. Part of an altarpiece

The frame of the Annunciation painting corresponds most closely to which style of architecture?

1. Egyptian 2. Greco-Roman 3. Gothic 4. None of the above

2. Greco-Roman

Which of the following is true about the relationship between the Annunciation and Giotto's Madonna Enthroned? 1. Botticelli's painting is more naturalistic than Giotto's 2. Like Giotto's painting, Botticelli's uses gold leaf for the background behind the figures 3. Both Giotto and Botticelli employ Brunelleschi's technique of linear perspective. Botticelli's painting, like Giotto's, places the Virgin Mary in a setting inspired by Gothic architecture

1. Botticelli's painting is more naturalistic than Giotto's

Robert Campin was: 1. Flemish 2. French 3. Italian 4. English

1. Flemish

What characteristic did Florence and Flanders have in common, which helps explain the burst of artistic innovation in both places in the 1400s? 1. Both were located on the shores of the Mediterranean sea, and were therefore near to the archeological remains of Rome 2. Both were home to cultures that adhered to the Christian religion, and used images to teach illiterate people the path to salvation 3. Both were extremely wealthy thanks to their leadership in the European banking industry 4. Both were interested in imitating the art of ancient Greece and Rome

3. Both were extremely wealthy thanks to their leadership in the European banking industry

Where was the Annunciation, Merodé Triptych painting originally located? 1. In the home of a member of a wealthy Flemish family 2. Above an altar in the cathedral of the city of Ghent 3. In the home of the artist 4. In the city hall of Ghent

1. In the home of a member of a wealthy Flemish family

The Annunciation, Merodé Triptych painting served as: 1. An image used for private devotion 2. An altarpiece in a church

3. A reliquary for a holy relic 4. A decoration for the government headquarters of Ghent

1. An image used for private devotion

The flowers on the table of the Annunciation, Merodé Triptych symbolize: 1. The passion of Christ 2. The Trinity 3. Christ as a "trap" set by God to catch Satan 4. Mary's virginity

2. The Trinity

This medium of the Annunciation, Merodé Triptych painting is: 1. Fresco 2. Oil paint 3. Tempera paint 4. Stained Glass

2. Oil paint

Which of the following is a quality that can be perceived by touch, as well as by sight?

1. Texture 2. Color

1. Texture

Which of the following is true about the relationship between Campin's Annunciation and Sandro Botticelli's Annunciation? 1. This painting has a predella, while Botticelli's does not 2. This painting employs linear perspective, while Botticelli's does not 3. Botticelli's painting is more idealized, while this one displays touches of realism 4. Botticelli's painting was made in Northern Europe, while this painting is the work of an Italian artist 5. Answers 4 & 5

3. Botticelli's painting is more idealized, while this one displays touches of realism

Which of the following is NOT true about the relationship between 15th-century Italian and Flemish painting? 1. Flemish painting tends to be more idealized than Italian painting 2. Flemish artists began to use oil paint before Italians did 3. Flemish painting tends to contain more symbolism than Italian painting 4. Flemish painting is less influenced by Greco-Roman antiquity than Italian painting

1. Flemish painting tends to be more idealized than Italian painting

Jan van Eyck was from: 1. Germany 2. Italy 3. Flanders 4. France

3. Flanders

An altarpiece made up of more than three panels joined together is called a:

1. Diptych 2. Triptych 3. Polyptych 4. Predella

3. Polyptych

Where was the Ghent Altarpiece originally located? 1. In the home of a member of a wealthy family

2. Above an altar in the cathedral of the city of Ghent 3. In the home of the artist 4. In the city hall of Ghent

2. Above an altar in the cathedral of the city of Ghent

The Ghent Altarpiece served as: 1. An image used for private devotion 2. An altarpiece in a church 3. A reliquary for a holy relic 4. A decoration for the government headquarters of Ghent

2. An altarpiece in a church

This medium of the Ghent Altarpiece work is: 1. Fresco 2. Oil paint 3. Tempera paint 4. Stained glass

2. Oil paint

The image at the center of the bottom register of the Ghent Altarpiece represents: 1. The miracle of the Incarnation 2. The mystery of the Trinity 3. Martyrdom as the path to salvation 4. Christ as the fons vitae, source of eternal life

4. Christ as the fons vitae, source of eternal life

The perspectival technique used here to create an effect of depth and distance by making part of the landscape lighter and more blue in color is called: 1. Atmospheric perspective 2. Diminution 3. Linear perspective 4. Overlapping

1. Atmospheric perspective

Based on what you know about Italian and Flemish art in the fifteenth-century, where are you most likely to find art with touches of realism? 1. In Italian art 2. In Flemish art

2. In Flemish art

Based on what you know about Italian and Flemish art in the fifteenth-century, where are you most likely to find art with an extremely high level of visual detail? 1. In Italian art 2. In Flemish art

2. In Flemish art

Based on what you know about Italian and Flemish art in the fifteenth-century, where are you most likely to find art that depicts the light reflecting off, or passing through, translucent materials like water, glass or gem stones? 1. In Italian art 2. In Flemish art

2. In Flemish art

What is reflected in the jewel worn by one of the angels in the Ghent Altarpiece? 1. The face of God

2. The face of Mary 3. A window 4. A flower

3. A window

Based on what you know about Italian and Flemish art in the fifteenth-century, where are you most likely to find art that imitates the art of ancient Greece and Rome? 1. In Italian art 2. In Flemish art

1. In Italian art