Cardiovascular general

systemic circulation

moves oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

pulmonary circulation

movement of blood between the heart and the lungs

arteries and arterioles

nourish organs with blood and nutrients. high pressure, low volumen.

tunica interna of arteries

endothelium, elastic membrane

tunica media of arteries

thickest, most variable and muscular

tunica adventitia of arteries

fibrous, prevents rupture.

elastic artery

nearest to heart, more elastic tissue = maintain a constant pp

muscular artery

more smooth muscle

capillary beds

single layer of smooth muscle cells, arranged around endothelium, reduced adventitia.

capillaries

thin-walled, single endothelial layer

exchange of nutrients and metabolites via diffusion.

sinusoids

found in certain organs like liver, wider and fenestrated

venules and veins

thinner walled, less elastic

low pressure, high volume.

no musuclar tissue in the TM.

tunica interna of veins

forms valves, always thin and lacks elastic membrane

tunica media of veins

relatively weak, partially muscular and partially elastic

tunica adventitia of veins

elastic fibers are more plentiful

satellite veins

deep veins that run in parallel with an artery

superficial veins

lie in the subcutaneous tissue just beneath the skin and away from major arteries

anastomoses

direct connections between vessels, can bypass capillary beds and shunt blood.

temp regulation (digits, ears, nose)

vasoconstriction

smaller lumen, more pressure

vasodilation

bigger lumen, less pressure

collateral circulation

extra BV coming from other directions, branching arterial supply.

end arteries

have essential patency, no collateral circulation so if i tie, the tissue will die ie. infarct.

functional

blood supply fpr the organ to perform its core role ie gas exchange in lungs

nutritive

delivers nutrients and oxygen directly to the tissues so it can survive.

right heart

deoxygenated blood

left heart

oxygenated blood

cardiovascular clinical procedures

•Venipuncture

•Arteriopuncture (for Arterial Blood Gas analysis)

•Joint injections or arthrocentesis

•Auscultation

•Pulse palpation

•Cardiac US/Echo

•Doppler (not just heart!)

•Blood Pressure

lymphatic system

drains excess ECF from capillaries.