ITL -- Declaration of Principles and State Policies & Citizenship

Elements of State

• people

• govt

• define territory

• independence or sovereignty

De jure

A govt that operates under established laws and has formal legal authority

De facto

A govt that exercises power and control over a territory in reality, lacks recognition or legal title

Ministrant (Propriety) function of govt

compulsory in nature

Constituent (Governmental) function of govt

optional

Article 5, 1987 Constitution — Who are Citizens of the Philippines?

• Section 1

— Citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of the Constitution

— People whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines

— People born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who choose Philippine citizenship upon reaching age of majority

— People who are naturalized in accordance with the law

Who are Natural-born citizens?

Those who are citizens of the Philippines from birth without having to perform any act to acquire or perfect their Philippine citizenship

What is Naturalization?

The process of acquiring citizenship other than birth

RA 9225 (Citizenship Reacquisition)

• Section 2: Declaration of Policy

— All Philippine citizens of another country shall be deemed not to have lost their Philippine citizenship under conditions

• Section 3: Retention of Philippine Citizenship

— Natural-born citizenship by reason of naturalization as citizens of a foreign country are deemed to have reaquired Philippine citizenship upon taking the oath

• Section 4: Derivative Citizenship:

— The child, whether legitimate, adopted, or illegitimate, below 18, of those of who reaquire Philippine citizenship shall be deemed citizens of the Philippines

• Section 5

— Dual allegiance of citizens is inimical to the national interest and shall be dealt with by law

What is Dual Citizenship?

The result of conflicting nationality laws and is involuntary on the part of the individual

What is Dual Allegiance?

A conscious choice to serve 2 states and is a significant issue in national security and public service