International Phonetic Alphabet

i

"beat, we, believe"

High front tense unrounded vowel

ɪ

"bit, in, kiss"

High front lax unrounded vowel

e

"late, rain, they"

Mid front tense unrounded vowel

ɛ

"bet, says, guest"

Mid front lax unrounded vowel

æ

"bat, laugh, radical"

Low front lax unrounded vowel

ə

"about, sofa"

Mid central lax unrounded vowel

ʌ

"tough, love"

Mid central lax unrounded vowel

a

"park (Boston), tie (Southern)"

Low central lax unrounded vowel

u

"boot, who, duty"

High back tense rounded vowel

ʊ

"put, foot, could"

High back lax rounded vowel

o

"boat, grow, though"

Mid back tense rounded vowel

ɔ

"law, hawk, awe, fall"

Mid back lax rounded vowel

ɑ

"lot, hockey, father"

Low back lax unrounded vowel

p

"pill, caper, tap"

Voiceless bilabial stop

b

"bill, labor, tab"

Voiced bilabial stop

t

"till, petunia, bat"

Voiceless alveolar stop

d

"dill, seduce, pad"

Voiced alveolar stop

k

"kill, sicker, lick"

Voiceless velar stop

g

"gill, dagger, bag"

Voiced velar stop

f

"fill, beefy, chief"

Voiceless labiodental fricative

v

"villa, saving, grave"

Voiced labiodental fricative

θ

"thin, author, breath"

Voiceless interdental fricative

ð

"then, leather, breathe"

Voiced interdental fricative

s

"silly, mason, kiss"

Voiceless alveolar fricative

z

"zebra, deposit, shoes"

Voiced alveolar fricative

ʃ

"shell, rashes, rush"

Voiceless alveopalatal fricative

ʒ

"measure, rogue"

Voiced alveopalatal fricative

tʃ

"chill, kitchen, pitch"

Voiceless alveopalatal affricate

dʒ

"jelly, bludgeon, fudge"

Voiced alveopalatal affricate

m

"mill, dummy, broom"

Bilabial nasal

n

"nill, sunny, spoon"

Alveolar nasal

ŋ

"singer, sing"

Velar nasal

h

"hill, ahoy"

Voiceless glottal fricative

j

"yes, beyond, toy"

Voiced central palatal approximant

r

"rent, berry, deer"

Voiced central velar approximant

l

"lilly, silly, mill"

Voiced lateral alveolar approximant

w

"will, away"

Voiced central bilabial approximant