Understanding Disordered Eating and Eating Disorders

Disordered Eating

Variety of unhealthful eating behaviors.

Eating Disorder

Psychiatric condition with extreme body dissatisfaction.

Binge Eating

Consuming large amounts of food in short time.

Anorexia Nervosa

Severe restriction of food intake leading to weight loss.

Bulimia

Binge eating followed by purging behaviors.

Female Athlete Triad

Combination of disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis.

Seasonal Affective Disorder

Depression linked to seasonal changes affecting appetite.

Portion Size Effect

Larger portions lead to increased food intake.

Cognitive Factors

Mental processes influencing eating behaviors.

Signal Sensory Modulation

Brain's response to food-related sensory inputs.

Gut Hormones

Hormones regulating hunger and satiety signals.

Adipose Tissue

Fat storage affecting energy balance and hunger.

Palatability

Pleasantness of food affecting consumption.

Rigid Exercise Routine

Inflexible physical activity patterns related to eating.

Obsessive Calorie Counting

Excessive focus on caloric intake and restriction.

Self Worth

Value based on body shape and weight.

Body Image Disturbance

Misperception of one's body size or shape.

Food Restriction

Limiting food intake to control weight.

Purging

Eliminating food from the body to prevent weight gain.

Anxiety about Foods

Fear or distress related to certain food types.

Inflexible Meal Times

Strict adherence to specific eating schedules.

Chronic Dieting

Long-term restriction of food intake affecting health.

Symptoms of Chronic Dieting

Preoccupation with food, weight, and calories.

Health Risks of Chronic Dieting

Includes poor nutrient intake and low energy.

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

Rate of energy expenditure at rest.

Eating Disorders

Psychiatric conditions with complex origins.

Anorexia Nervosa

Eating disorder characterized by extreme weight loss.

Bulimia Nervosa

Binge eating followed by purging behaviors.

Binge Eating Disorder

Recurrent episodes of uncontrolled eating.

Symptoms of Binge Eating Disorder

Includes negative self-esteem and chaotic eating.

Health Risks of Binge Eating Disorder

Increased risk of obesity and related diseases.

Family Environment

Influences development of eating disorders.

Unrealistic Media Images

Contributes to body image dissatisfaction.

Sociocultural Values

Cultural norms affecting eating behaviors.

Personality Traits

Individual characteristics linked to eating disorders.

Genetic Factors

Hereditary influences on eating disorder risk.

Normal Eating Definition

Baseline for identifying eating disorders.

Continuum of Eating Attitudes

Range of perspectives on eating and body image.

SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder)

Mood disorder linked to seasonal changes.

Symptoms of SAD

Depression with cravings for high-carb foods.

Dopamine Receptor Activity

Linked to binge eating and weight gain.

Brain Areas in Food Regulation

Regions controlling appetite and food intake.

Opioid Peptides

Neurotransmitters involved in reward and reinforcement.

Mesolimbic dopamine system

Brain region involved in reward and addiction.

Ventral tegmental area (VTA)

Part of the mesolimbic system linked to pleasure.

Nucleus accumbens

Key area for processing rewards and motivation.

Prefrontal cortex

Region for decision-making and impulse control.

Amygdala

Brain structure involved in emotional processing.

Striatum

Region associated with movement and reward.

Hippocampus

Critical for memory formation and learning.

AgRP neurons

Neurons that stimulate appetite and food intake.

Ethanol-induced overeating

Increased food consumption due to alcohol intake.

Female Athlete Triad

Combination of disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis.

Amenorrhea

Absence of menstrual periods for at least three months.

Anorexia nervosa

Disorder characterized by extreme weight loss behaviors.

Bulimia nervosa

Binge eating followed by compensatory purging behaviors.

Binge eating

Consuming large amounts of food rapidly.

Purging

Methods to eliminate food from the body.

Electrolyte imbalance

Disruption of sodium and potassium levels in the body.

Cardiovascular problems

Heart-related issues due to eating disorders.

Gastrointestinal problems

Digestive issues resulting from disordered eating.

Dental problems

Oral health issues caused by purging behaviors.

Health risks of anorexia

Includes electrolyte imbalance, hypothermia, sleep disturbances.

Health risks of bulimia

Includes dental problems, calluses, and gastrointestinal issues.

Team approach treatment

Involves patient, physician, and counselors for recovery.

Healthy diet

Balanced intake of nutrients to maintain optimal weight.

Hypothalamus

Brain region regulating hunger and energy balance.

Leptin

Hormone signaling satiety, produced by fat cells.

VMH

Ventromedial hypothalamus, controls satiety signals.

LH

Lateral hypothalamus, stimulates hunger and food intake.

Parabiosis

Surgical joining of two organisms for study.

Blood Brain Barrier

Protective barrier preventing harmful substances in brain.

Appetite

Desire to eat, influenced by external factors.

Hunger

Physical sensation indicating need for energy.

Gut Brain Axis

Communication pathway between gut and brain.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Disorder caused by alcohol exposure during pregnancy.

Head Circumference

Measurement indicating brain growth and development.

Semistarvation

State of inadequate nutrient intake over time.

Cachexia

Weight loss and muscle wasting despite adequate intake.

Sarcopenia

Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength.

Wasting

Loss of lean body tissue due to malnutrition.

Malnutrition

Deficiency or imbalance in nutrient intake.

Anabolic Block

Inability to gain lean mass during refeeding.

Nitrogen Loss

Excess nitrogen excretion indicating protein deficiency.

Refeeding Syndrome

Complications arising from rapid refeeding after starvation.

Intellectual Impairment

Reduced cognitive function due to nutritional deficiencies.

Attention Deficit Disorder

Condition characterized by inattention and impulsivity.

Learning Disabilities

Challenges in acquiring knowledge and skills.

Delayed Development

Lag in reaching developmental milestones.

Cravings

Desire for specific foods influenced by emotions.

Habits

Routine behaviors affecting food choices and intake.

Food Availability

Accessibility of food impacting consumption patterns.

Hormonal Signals

Chemical messengers regulating hunger and satiety.

Neural Signals

Nerve impulses influencing appetite control.

Cognitive Factors

Mental processes affecting eating behavior and choices.

Ghrelin

Hunger hormone produced in the stomach.

CCK

Hormone signaling satiety, produced in the intestine.

Peptide YY

Hormone that reduces appetite after eating.

Leptin

Hormone from adipose tissue regulating energy balance.

Insulin

Hormone regulating glucose levels and appetite.