NAPLEX Formula Sheet

20 gtts = ?mL

1 mL

1 tsp = ? mL

5 mL

1 Tbsp = ? mL

15 mL

1 fl oz = ? mL

= 29.57mL; 30 mL

1 fl oz= ? Tbsp

2 Tbsp

1 cup = ? fl oz= ? mL

1 cup = 8fl oz= 240 mL

1 pint = ? fl oz = ? mL

= 16 fl oz = 473 ml

1 quart = ? pints = ? mL

= 2 pints = 946mL

1 gallon = ? quarts = ? mL

= 4 quarts = 3,785mL

1 grain = ? mg

64.8 mg

1 kg = ?lbs

2.2 lbs

1 oz = ? grams (weight)

28.4 grams

1 lb = ?g = ?oz

454g = 16 oz

1 inch = ? cm

2.54 cm

12 inches= ? foot

1 foot

3 feet= ? yards

1 yard

1 mile= ? yards

1760 yards

1 meter = ? cm

100 cm

Percent strength w/v formula

% w/v = g/100mL

Percent strength v/v formula

% v/v = mL/100mL

Percent strength w/w formula

% w/w = g/100g

Ratio to % percent strength = ?

(Ratio) = x/100

Percent strength to Ratio =?

(%) = 1/x
Dont remove the %

PPM; Million = how many zeros?

6 zeros
1,000,000

PPB; Billion = how many zeros?

9 zeros
1,000,000,000

Formula for Specific Gravity ?

SG = g/mL

Dilution & Concentration Formula

Q1 x C1 = Q2 x C2

Osmolarity (mOsmol/L) formula

[Wt of substance (g/L)/ MW (g/mole)]
x # of particles
x 1,000

Isotonicity formula (E-value)

E = [58.5 x i] / [MW of drug x 1.8]

Moles formula ?

mols = g/MW

Millimoles formula

mmols = mg/MV

milliequivalent (mEq) formula

[(mg)(valence) / MW] --or-- (mmols)(valence)

carbs, proteins = ?kcal/gram

= 4 kcal/gram

Fat = ?kcal/gram

9 kcal/gram

Dextrose monohydrate = ? kcal/gram

= 3.4 kcal/g

Amino Acid solutions = ? kcal/gram

= 4 kcal/gram

ILE 10% = ? kcal

1.1 kcal/mL

ILE 20% = ? kcal

2 kcal/mL

ILE 30% = ? kcal

3 kcal/mL

Fluid needs formula

= 1,500mL + (20mL)(weight in kg - 20)

Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) formula

= BEE x activity factor X stress factor

Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE) males
Most likely provided on exam

= 66.47 + 13.75 (weight in kg) + 5 (height in cm) - 6.76 (age in years)

Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE) females
Most likely provided on exam

= 655.1 + 9.6 (weight in kg)+ 1.85 (height in cm) - 4.68 (age in years)

Grams of Nitrogen from Protein intake formula

nitrogren (g) = protein (g) / 6.25

Corrected calcium for Albumin equation

= serum Ca + 0.8 (4.0 - serum albumin)

BMI formula (American)

= 703 x (weight in pounds/height^2 in inches)

BMI formula (metric)

= weight (kg) / height (m^2)

IBW equation males

= 50 kg + 2.3 kg [height in inches - 60]

IBW equation Females

= 45.5 kg + 2.3 kg [height in inches - 60]

AdjBW equation

= IBW + (0.4 x (ABW -IBW))

Cockcroft-Gault Equation

= ((140-age) x kg) / (72 x SCr)) [x 0.85 for women]

How do you determine if you use Acutal BW or AdjBW?

1.3 x IBW = if ABW is higher, use AdjBW

BUN: Scr ratio that indicates dehydration

20:1

Drops/ mL to Drops/ min

= (#drops/mL) x (mL/hr) x (hr/60min)

Anion Gap (AG) formula

= Na - Cl - HCO3

Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) Formula

ANC = WBC x (%Neutrophils + %Bands)/100

Fahrenheit to Celsius

= (F-32)/1.8

Celsius to Fahrenheit

= (C x 1.8) + 32

Mean vs Median vs Mode

mean (average), median (middle), mode (most common)

Risk Formula

# of subjects in group with an unfavorable event / total # of subjects in group

basically part/whole

Relative Risk formula

= Risk in treatment group / Risk in control group

Relative Risk Reduction (RRR)

(% risk in control group - % risk in treatment group) / % risk in control group

Indicates how much the risk is reduced in the treatment group compared to the control group

Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR)

= % risk in control group - % risk in treatment group

Number needed to treat (NNT) or Harm (NNH)

= 1/ARR

Hazard Ratio (HR)

= hazard rate in treatment group/ hazard rate in control group

Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER)

= (cost new - cost old)/(effect new - effect old)

Pack-year smoking history

= cigarette packs/day x years smoked

Minimum weighable quantity (MWQ)

= sensitivity requirement/ Acceptable error rate (usually 0.05)

BSA Calculation (Mosteller)

BSA (m^2) = sqroot of (Ht (cm) x Wt (kg)/ 3,600)

Friedewald equation

LDL = TC - HDL - (TG/5)
- do not use if TG > 400

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

[(2 x diastolic) + systolic] / 3

Phenytoin (Corrected) (mcg/mL)

= total phenytoin measured / [(0.2*albumin) + 0.1]

Bioavailability (F) equation

= [(AUC extravascular/ AUC IV) x (Dose IV/ Dose extravascular)] x 100

Volume of distribution (Vd)

= amount of drug in the body / plasma drug concentration

PK Clearance Formulas

= [(Fxdose)/AUC]
= ke x Vd

Elimination Constant (ke)

ke = Cl/Vd

half life (t1/2) equation

t1/2 = 0.693/ke

Loading dose (LD) equation

= (desired concentration x Vd) / F

Predicting drug concentrations

C2 = C1 x e^-kt

Ke = ln(C1/C2)/t

What is the ICR calculation?

ICR = Insulin to Carbohydrate Ratio- indicates the grams of carbs covered by 1 unit of insulin

What is the ICR calculation formula?

450 (regular insulin), or 500 (rapid acting) / total daily dose of insulin = grams of carbs covered by 1 unit of insulin

Correction factor

- is how much BG will be lowered by 1 unit of insulin
- 1500 (regular insulin), or 1800 (rapid acting) / total daily dose of insulin = correction factor

Correction Dose

(blood glucose now)-(target blood glucose) / correction factor

Statin Conversion mnemonic

P - 2 mg - Pitavastatin
R - 5 mg - Rosuvastatin
A - 10 mg - Atorvastatin
S - 20 mg - Simvastatin
L - 40 mg - Lovastatin
P - 40 mg - Pravastatin
F - 80 mg - Fluvastatin

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Aminophylline to Theophylline Conversion

ATM =Multiply by 0.8
MTA= divide by 0.8

Loop diuretic conversions

Ethacrynic acid = 50 mg
Furosemide = 40 mg
Torsemide = 20 mg
Bumetanide = 1 mg

Steroid Conversions

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C - 25 - Cortisol
H - 20 - Hydrocortisone
P - 5 - Prednisone
P - 5 - Prednisolone
M - 4 - Methylprednisolone
T - 4 - Triamcinolone
D - 0.75- Dexamethasone
B - 0.6- Betamethasone