Quiz 1 Darwin and HW Equations

What is evidence that supports the theory of evolution by natural selection?

-Genetic variation exists in population
-Variation confers an advantage for survival or reproduction
-Increase of advantageous trait in population

Which geologist(s) most influenced Darwin?

Hutton (Gradualism) and Lyell (Uniformitarianism)

Who the father of taxonomy?

Carolus Linnaeus

Define taxonomy

The branch of biology that organizes species in binomial format for naming species

Which geologist thought all changes were from catastrophic events?

Cuvier

What was Aristotle’s theory and which scientist disagreed with it?

Scala naturae - everything is fixed and unchanging; Darwin

List the taxonomic classification system from most to least inclusive.

(Domain) > Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species

What two things did Hutton and Lyell believe?

1. Earth is VERY old

2. Slow, but continuous changes leads to substantial change over time

The Hardy-Weinberg Equation

Mathematical way to determine if a population is evolving

How do we know if evolution is occurring in a population?

The HW equation determines what the gene frequencies of the population should look like if evolution is NOT occurring.

What are the 5 conditions for HW Equilibrium?

1) large population size
2) no mutation
3) no gene flow
4) random mating
5) no natural selection

In allelic frequency, this letter is the frequency of the dominant allele.

p

In allelic frequency, what letter is the recessive allele?

q

What is the Allelic Frequency formula?

p + q = 1

What is the Genotype Frequency formula?

p² + 2pq + q² = 1

Why do we calculate for HW equation?

To calculate a baseline and later calculate again to determine a change. Any changes means evolution occurred.