Exam 3 - Reading questions

In the lungs, carbon dioxide leaves the blood and enters the air because the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in deoxygenated blood is _____________ in air.

A
higher than

B
lower than

C
the same as

D
sometimes higher and sometimes lower than

A

Which of these is not part of the upper airway?

A
Nasal vestibule

B
The superior, middle, and inferior meatuses

C
The pharynx

D
The lungs

D

Which of these is not a part of the pharynx?

A
Nasopharynx

B
Oropharynx

C
Linguopharynx

D
Laryngopharynx

C

What structure of the larynx prevents food and drink from going down the trachea?

A
Epiglottis

B
Glottis

C
Pharynx

D
Cricoid cartilage

A

What type of cartilage makes up the rings of the trachea?

A
Elastic cartilage

B
Hyaline cartilage

C
Fibrocartilage

D
Calcified cartilage

B

What does the carina do if someone accidentally inhales food or water?

A
Closes

B
Causes forceful inhalation

C
Causes violent coughing

D
Nothing

C

What type of alveolar cell secretes surfactant to make breathing easier?

A
Type I

B
Type II

C
Type III

D
Macrophage

B

Which lobe is the left lung missing?

A
Superior

B
Middle

C
Inferior

D
Don't choose this option

B

Which lung contains the cardiac notch?

A
Left

B
Right

A

True or False: The pulmonary artery carries oxygenated blood to the lungs.

False

True or False: The parasympathetic nervous system causes bronchodilation.

False

When we first inhale, air pressure in our lungs ____________ because volume _____________.

A
increases; increases

B
decreases; decreases

C
increases; decreases

D
decreases; increases

D

The respiratory cycle:

A
only involves inhalation

B
only involves exhalation

C
is one sequence of inhalation and exhalation

D
involves numerous inhalations and exhalations

C

This is the normal amount of air that enters the lungs during quiet breathing:

A
Inspiratory Reserve Volume

B
Tidal Volume

C
Expiratory Reserve Volume

D
Functional Capacity

B

Why must we always have at least some air (residual volume) in the lungs?

A
To prevent valves from closing

B
To prevent the lungs from collapsing

C
To prevent the bronchioles from collapsing

D
To prevent the alveoli from collapsing

D

The ventral respiratory group:

A
Is involved in normal breathing

B
Is only involved in inhaling

C
Is only involved in exhaling

D
Is involved in forced breathing

D

In any random quantity of normal air, which of these gases will have the highest partial pressure?

A
Nitrogen

B
Oxygen

C
Carbon Dioxide

D
Carbon Monoxide

A

In internal respiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide move across membranes by:

A
Osmosis

B
Diffusion

C
Active transport

D
Conduction

B

In tissues, oxygen leaves the blood and enters tissues because the partial pressure of oxygen in blood is _____________ in tissues.

A
higher than

B
lower than

C
the same as

D
sometimes higher and sometimes lower than

A

Your patient is hyperventilating. What effect will this have on their blood?

A
Increased carbon dioxide and decreased pH

B
Increased carbon dioxide and increased pH

C
Decreased carbon dioxide and decreased pH

D
Decreased carbon dioxide and increased pH

D

The ____________ is another name for the GI tract.

a) Esophagus
b) Stomach
c) Intestines
d) Alimentary canal

d

Match the layers of the alimentary canal with their correct description:

Layers:
A) Mucosa
B) Submucosa
C) Muscularis
D) Serosa

Definitions:

1. Made of dense connective tissue; it houses blood vessels, nerves, and some glands

2. Only found in the abdominal cavity; it connects to the visceral peritoneum

3. Can contain smooth muscle or skeletal muscle depending on which section of the GI tract it is in

4. The innermost layer; it produces mucus

C3

D2

B1

A4

Structures:
A) Greater omentum
B) Falciform ligament
C) Lesser omentum
D) Mesentery
E) Mesocolon

Descriptions:

1. Attaches two portions of the large intestine (the transverse and sigmoid colon) to the posterior abdominal wall

2. Apron-like structure that lies superficial to the small intestine and transverse colon; a site of fat deposition in people who are overweight

3. Suspends the stomach from the inferior border of the liver; provides a pathway for structures connecting to the liver

4. Anchors the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and inferior border of the diaphragm

5. Vertical band of tissue anterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anchoring all of the small intestine except the initial portion (the duodenum)

A2

B4

C3

D5

E1

Where does mechanical digestion occur?

a) The mouth
b) The stomach
c) The small intestine
d) All of the above

D

Which of these does not participate in chemical digestion?

a) The mouth
b) The stomach
c) The small intestine
d) The large intestine

D

Which of these is NOT true of absorption?

a) It involves the movement of nutrients from the alimentary canal into the bloodstream
b) It utilizes epithelial cells of the mucosa
c) It mostly occurs in the large intestine
d) It mostly occurs in the small intestine

C

How many pairs of salivary glands do we have?

3

What macro does Salivary amylase break down?

carbs

What is mumps?

a) A viral infection of the throat
b) A viral infection of the parotid glands
c) A viral infection of the sublingual gland
d) The laryngopharynx

B

Your patient has had all of their wisdom teeth removed. Assuming they still have not lost any others, how many permanent teeth are remaining?

1. 26

2. 28

1. 30

2. 32

28

Which part of the pharynx is not part of the digestive tract?

a) Oropharynx
b) Laryngopharynx
c) Nasopharynx

c

Which of these is NOT true of the esophagus?

a) It runs from the pharynx to the stomach
b) It sits behind the trachea
c) It sits in front of the trachea
d) There is a sphincter located at each end to help make sure food doesn't travel the wrong way

c

In what part of swallowing does peristalsis occur?

a) The voluntary phase
b) The pharyngeal phase
c) The esophageal phase
d) Only after the food reaches the stomach

c