MedChem Exam 1

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30 Terms

1
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Which of the following is an acidic functional group?

Carboxylic acid

2
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Which of the following is a basic functional group?

Alicyclic amine

3
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A drug that contacts at least one acidic and at least one basic functional group is classified as

Amphoteric

4
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Why are salts commonly made for drugs

To enhance solubility in aqueous solutions

5
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Unionized drugs are generally favored for

Penetration across membranes like the BBB

6
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An acidic drug would typically bind to which plasma protein?

Albumin

7
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A lipid-soluble organic salt is typically formulated for

Intramuscular (IM) depot injections

8
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According to the general rule for water solubility based on LogP, a compound with a LogP of +0.5 is considered

Insoluble in water

9
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Which of the following acidic functional groups typically has the lowest pKa?

Sulfate

10
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The basicity of a functional group is generally stronger when

Its pKa is higher

11
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What type of bond is generally considered the strongest in drug-target interactions

Covalent bond

12
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Noncovalent bonds are primarily characterized by their dependence on

pH and the inverse proportionality to the distance between interacting groups

13
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The energy of an ionic bond interaction is inversely proportional to the

Distance between the interacting ions

14
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Which of the following noncovalent bonds has the lowest strength (0.5-1 kcal/mol)

Van der Waals attraction

15
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Wat phenomenon describes the tendency of nonpolar molecules to associate in water, driven by the desire of water molecules to maximize their hydrogen bonding?

Hydrophobic interactions

16
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According to Lipinski’s Rule of Five, for a drug to have good oral bioavailability, its molecular weight should be less than

500

17
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Which of the following is NOT one of Lipinski’s Rule of Five criteria for oral drugs?

High melting point

18
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What is the primary purpose of Structure-Activity Relationships (SARs) studies?

To relate the chemical structure of compounds to their biological activity

19
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When comparing chemical structures to understand their pharmacological activity, what aspects are analyzed?

Their functional groups and how they influence activity

20
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A chiral center is a carbon atom bonded to how many different groups

Four

21
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Which of the following is NOT a possible consequence of drug metabolism on the activity of the drug?

Increased therapeutic window

22
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What is the most important site for drug metabolism in the body?

Liver

23
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Phase I reactions primarily aim to

Enhance drug excretion and prepare for Phase II reactions

24
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Cytochrome P450 enzymes are primarily responsible for which type of Phase I reactions?

Oxidation

25
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The nomenclature CYP1A2 indicates:

CYP is the enzyme, 1 is the family, A is the subfamily, 2 is the individual gene

26
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An oxidation reaction is characterized by either a decrease in hydrogen content or an increase in

Oxygen, nitrogen, or halogen content

27
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Arene oxide intermediates, formed during the oxidation of aromatic rings, are known to be

Electrophilic and chemically reactive

28
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Aromatic hydroxylation reactions proceed most readily in which type of rings?

Activated (electron-rich) rings

29
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Side chain oxidation of alkyl side chains often occurs on which carbons?

The terminal or penultimate carbon

30
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Which of the following is a Phase II (conjugation) reaction?

Glucouronidation