Structure of Nucleotides

Flashcards based on the lecture notes covering the structural components of nucleotides including sugars, bases, and phosphate groups.

What are the $3$ components of nucleotides?

Pentose sugar, nitrogenous base and a phosphate group

What is a nucleotide without a phosphate group called?

A nucleoside (e.g. Adenosine, Guanosine)

What are the two types of Pentose sugars?

Deoxy ribose and ribose

What is the difference between Deoxy ribose and ribose?

In deoxy ribose one oxygen atom is less than in ribose

What are the two major groups of nitrogenous bases?

1. Purines- larger in size with two rings 2. Pyrimidines- smaller in size with a single ring

Which nitrogenous bases are classified as Purines?

Adenine and Guanine

Which nitrogenous bases are classified as types of pyrimidens?

Thyamine, Uracil and Cytocine

How are the nitrogenous bases commonly represented?

By letters $A$, $G$, $T$, $U$ and $C$ respectively

Which component gives the nucleic acids their acidic nature?

Phosphate group