PHYSICS EXAM !!!

What is strong nuclear force?

A force that holds nucleons together in the nucleus to overcome the natural electrostatic repulsion between protons and keep the nucleus stable.

What is artificial transmutation?

A man-made process of bombarding an atom’s nucleus with high-energy particles (protons or neutrons) to change one element into another.

What does alpha radioactive decay release?

Releases 2 protons and 2 neutrons (Helium Nucleus) and a gamma ray of energy.

What is beta positive radioactive decay?

When a proton become a neutron, releasing a positron, neutrino, and a gamma ray.

What is beta negative radioactive decay?

When a neutron becomes a proton, releasing a electron, anti-neutrino, and a gamma ray.

What is gamma radioactive decay?

No change to nucleus but it acts on ‘excited’ atoms to bring them back down from that state by releasing the ‘unexcited’ atom and a gamma ray.

What do decay series show?

Sometimes an atom that has decayed is still not at its most stable state, meaning it needs to decay again. The decay series shows this series of decays taken to reach its most stable state.

What is binding energy?

The total amount of energy needed to break a system into it’s seperate parts, also the amount of energy released when those parts join together.

What is mass defect?

Difference between the actual mass of a system compared to the mass of its individual parts.

What is fission?

Splitting something into two or more parts.

What factors influence resistance?

Length, Cross-Sectional Area (thickness), Material Type (resistivity), and Temperature.

Difference between insulators and conductors.

Conductors lets flow of electricity or heat through easily (localised electrons) and insulators slow or resist flow (tightly positioned electrons).

What is Kirchhoff’s Current Law?

Due to conservation of energy, the sum of electrical current flowing into a node must equal the sum of the electrical current flowing out of a node.

What is Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law?

The energy input into a circuit equals the sum of the energy outputs from the loads. Thus, the sum of the potential differences around a closed circuit must equal zero.

What is the conversion from m/s to km/h?

Multiply by 3.6

What is the conversion from km/h to m/s?

Divide by 3.6.