Western Civilization

Test idk :)

Constantine

Roman emperor who helped make Christianity legal and supported its spread.

Constantinople

Capital city of the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire.

Justinian

Byzantine emperor who reformed Roman law and helped preserve classical knowledge.

Justinian’s Code

 A written collection of Roman laws that organized and preserved legal principles.

Abrahamic Faiths

Religions that trace their roots to Abraham: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Moses

Biblical prophet who led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt.

Monotheism

Belief in only one god.

Pax Romana

A long period of peace and stability in the Roman Empire that helped ideas travel safely.

Gospels

Books in the New Testament that record the life and teachings of Jesus.

Judeo-Christian Tradition

The idea that Western values were influenced by both Jewish and Christian beliefs.

Feudalism

A political system where lords gave land to vassals in exchange for loyalty and military service.

Manorial System

An economic system based around self-sufficient farming estates called manors.

Serfs

Peasants who worked the land and were tied to their lord’s manor.

Battle of Tours

A battle that stopped Muslim armies from advancing further into Western Europe.

Investiture Controversy

A conflict between popes and kings over who had the authority to appoint church officials.

Peasants’ Revolt

An uprising in England where serfs challenged unfair treatment by the nobility.