Chapter 9 HSCI

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31 Terms

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Epimysium

dense irregular CT surrounds entire muscles

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Perimysium

dense irregular CT surrounds groups of fascicles

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endomysium

Areolar CT surrounds each muscle fiber

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sacroplasm

cytoplasm of skeletal muscle cell

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excitability

generates action potential

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contractibility

ability to contract; result of action potential

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extensibility

ability to extend/ lengthen

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elasticity

ability to stretch and go back to original size

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sacrolemma

plasma membrane of skeletal muscle cell

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Transverse (T-Tubule)

Plasma membrane going inside the cell

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sarcoplasmic reticulum

endoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle cell

  • stores and releases calcium

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Terminal cisternae

Enlargement of sarcoplasmic reticulum on the sides of the T-Tubules

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triad

2 terminal cisternae + T-Tubule

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Myofibrils

Composed of myofilaments

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thick filaments

  • Mysosin

  • Contractile protein

Myosin heads binds with actin active site

<ul><li><p>Mysosin</p></li><li><p>Contractile protein</p></li></ul><p>Myosin heads binds with actin active site </p><p></p>
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thin filament

  • Actin protein

    • Contractile protein

  • Tropomyosin protein

  • Troponin protein

<ul><li><p>Actin protein </p><ul><li><p>Contractile protein</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Tropomyosin protein</p></li><li><p>Troponin protein</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Tropomyosin

covers actin active sites: prohibits binding to myosin head

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troponin

locks tropomyosin in place

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Z disc

anchors thin filaments

“Endline”

Middle of the I band

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I band

Thin filaments ONLY

Light appearance

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A band

Overlap of thin and thick filaments

Dark appearance

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H zone

Middle of A Band

Thick filaments

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M line

“Midline”

Bisects H Zone

Anchors thick filaments

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Synaptic cleft

space between axon terminal and motor end plate

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motor end plate

folds of plasma membrane

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depolarization

  • If end plate potential reaches threshold (-65 mV)

    • Voltage gated NA/K channels open

    • Na+ channels open quicker than K+

  • Na+ flow in triggers depolarization; jumps to 30 mV

  • AP spreads across sacrolemma

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repolarization

  • Voltage gated Na+ channels close

  • Voltage gated K+ channels fully open

    • K+ flowing out restores RMP

  • RMP maintained by….

    • NA/K pump

    • Leaky NA and K channels

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crossbridge formation

Myosin head binds to active active site

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power stroke

Release of ADP + Pi from myosin head

Myosin pulls actin towards M line

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crossbridge detachment

add ATP to myosin head to detach