Psyc 191 - Prejudice study guide for Exam 1

What is a stereotype?

A set of beliefs about the personal attributes of a group of people

What are some examples of stereotypes?

Physical features, typical behavior, prototype, personality traits/attributes, goals, feelings/affect, relation among all of these things

What is prejudice?

a biased evaluation of a group, based on real or imagined characteristics of the group members

What is the Social Emotion Theory of Prejudice?

It is the idea of prejudice is not simply a positive or negative feeling about a group, people have a very specific emotional reactions to groups (e.g., anger, fear, disgust, ect). Our emotional reactions to groups are based on our beliefs about that group

What is discrimination?

The actions or behaviors directed toward a social group or members of that group. It can be individuals and institutions discrimination.

What is cultural vs. individual stereotypes?

When they are attributing specific characteristics, behaviors, or beliefs to all individuals belonging to a particular cultural, ethnic or national group.

What is positive or negative stereotypes?

When a stereotype can either be positive or negative. Both equally bad for groups. Positive can be thinking a certain group is smart or hardworking. Negative can be being lazy or mean.

What is the ABC model?

Breaking down into thee parts of an attitude towards something. Theres affective (feeling), behavioral (action), and cognitive (belief) component.

What is the relationship between stereotype and prejudice?

Positive relationship

What is the relationship between stereotype and discrimination / prejudice and discrimination

Weak relationship

What is categorization?

Process of thinking of a person as a member of a group on the basis of physical characteristics or other types of categories

What is Macrae, Milne and Bodenhausen (1994)

A study where they had a a person with a stereotypical label. They would either show the label or just the name. They would listen to a passage about indonesia. They would later pick a trait associated with either the name or the label.

What were the results of Macrae, Milne, and BodenHausen?

People who were presented the stereotype label were able to recal consisten traits (4.4) and a bit more with neutral traits

What are the kind of categories?

Basic or primitive

Ingroups or outgroups

What is basic or primitive categories?

It is the first thing we see which is gender, age, race or ethncity

What is ingroups and outgroups?

Ingroups are any group which we are a member of

Outgroups are any groups in which you are NOT a member of

What factors determine which categories we use?

Visual cues, Primacy, Saliency, Priming

What is visual cues?

How we look (outfits, skin color, ect)

What is primacy?

Order in which you learn the traits (vegan, engineer) or (engineer, vegan)

What is Saliency?

Something out of the ordinary (dyed hair, outfits)

What is priming?

One stimulus influences how people respond to the next (like memory)

What are the 4 consequences of categorization?