Electricity - AS Physics
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17 Terms
Definition Of Current and Formula.
Current is the rate of flow of charge.
Formula: Q = I × t
Voltage / P.D Definition and Formula.
The amount of work done by a battery in moving a charge of 1C through a electrical circuit.
Formula: W = VQ
Electromotive Force (E.m.f) Definition and Formula.
The amount of chemical energy that is stored in a battery that is converted into electrical energy when a unit charge is flows through the circuit.
Resistance Definition and Formula.
Resistance is defined as the ratio of Voltage upon current.
OR
Resistance is the property of any material to hinder the flow of current.
Formula: R = V/I
Ohm’s Law Definition.
The potential difference applied to any conductor is directly proportional to the amount of current flowing through it.
Conditions Of Ohm’s Law.
Resistance must be constant throughout the conductor.
Length Constant.
Cross-Sectional Area Constant.
Temperature Constant.
Ohmic Conductors.
Materials that obey Ohm’s Law and meet the conditions of Ohm’s Law. (Resistance constant throughtout the material, graph a straight line that’s passing through the origin.)
Non-Ohmic Conductors.
Materials which do not obey Ohm’s Law. (Resistance is not constant throughout the material, graph a curve.)
Diode. Forward Biased Condition.
Whenever the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the Anode (positive terminal of the Diode.), the Diode offers low resistance as current flows through.
Diode. Reversed Biased Condition.
Whenever the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the positive terminal (Anode) of the Diode, the Diode offers high resistance, no current flows through.
Factors that affect Resistance.
R ∝ L |
R ∝ 1/A
Therefore
R ∝ L/A
R = pL/A where p is resistivity constant.
Resistivity Definition and Formula.
The resistance of a material is equal to its resistance provided that the material is of unit (1) length and offers a unit (1) cross sectional area.
p = RA/L
Conductivity Definition and Formula.
Inverse of Resistivity.
Formula: a = L/AR
Out Of Current, Voltage, and Resistance. What is divided in Series?
Voltage is divided in series.
Out Of Current, Voltage, and Resistance. What is divided in Paralell?
Current is divided in current.
Power Formulas.
P = VI | P = I²R | P = V²/R |
P = W/t | P = E/t | |
Energy Formulas.
E = V I t | E = I²Rt | E = (Vt/R) × t |