Module 1: Organic Chemistry - Part 10 - Alcohols, Alkyl halides, Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic acid and Derivatives, Amines

Mechanism of reaction of alcohol and alkyl halide.

a. Electrophilic addition

b. Electrophilic substitution

c. Nucleophilic addition

d. Nucleophilic substitution

d. Nucleophilic substitution

Qualitative test for alkyl halide.

a. Beilstein test

b. 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine test

c. Fehling's and Tollens test

d. Lucas test

a. Beilstein test

Qualitative test for alcohol.

a. Beilstein test

b. Grignard test

c. Hinsberg test

d. Lucas test

d. Lucas test

Reagent responsible for converting ROH to RCl.

a. SOCl2

b. PBr5

c. H2SO4

d. NaCl

a. SOCl2

Reagent responsible for converting ROH to RBr.

a. SOCl2

b. PBr5

c. H2SO4

d. HBr

b. PBr5

Reagent responsible for converting ROH to alkene.

a. SOCl2

b. PBr5

c. H2SO4

d. Base

c. H2SO4

Converting ROH to alkene is through the reagent H2SO4 which involve what reaction?

a. Hydration

b. Dehydration

c. Dehydrohalogenation

d. Williamson synthesis

b. Dehydration

Reagent responsible for converting ROH initially to an alkoxide.

a. SOCl2

b. PBr5

c. H2SO4

d. Base

e. Alkyl halide

d. Base

Reagent responsible for converting RO- to ROR.

a. SOCl2

b. PBr5

c. H2SO4

d. Base

e. Alkyl halide

e. Alkyl halide

Reaction involved the conversion of alcohol to ether.

a. Hydration

b. Dehydration

c. Dehydrohalogenation

d. Williamson reaction

d. Williamson reaction - Williamson Ether Synthesis

Product of reacting alcohol to a base and eventually a n alkyl halide.

a. Ester

b. Carboxylic acid

c. Ether

d. Acyl halide

c. Ether - aka Williamson Ether Synthesis

What reaction will convert alkyl-halide to alkene?

a. Hydrogenation

b. Dehydrogenation

c. Dehydrohalogenation

d. Oxidation

c. Dehydrohalogenation

Reacting alkyl halide to which of the following will produce alcohol?

a. KOH

b. NaOH

c. Ethanol

d. a and b

e. a and c

f. All

b. NaOH

Reacting alkyl halide to which of the following will produce alkene?

a. KOH

b. NaOH

c. Ethanol

d. a and b

e. a and c

f. All

e. a and c - KOH and Ethanol

Initial product of oxidation of a primary alcohol.

a. Aldehyde

b. Carboxylic acid

c. Ketone

d. Primary alcohol

e. Secondary alcohol

a. Aldehyde

Product of complete oxidation of a primary alcohol.

a. Aldehyde

b. Carboxylic acid

c. Ketone

d. Primary alcohol

e. Secondary alcohol

b. Carboxylic acid

Product of oxidation of an aldehyde.

a. Aldehyde

b. Carboxylic acid

c. Ketone

d. Primary alcohol

e. Secondary alcohol

b. Carboxylic acid

Intermediate product of reduction of carboxylic acid.

a. Aldehyde

b. Carboxylic acid

c. Ketone

d. Primary alcohol

e. Secondary alcohol

a. Aldehyde

Product of reduction of aldehyde.

a. Aldehyde

b. Carboxylic acid

c. Ketone

d. Primary alcohol

e. Secondary alcohol

d. Primary alcohol

Product of complete reduction of carboxylic acid.

a. Aldehyde

b. Carboxylic acid

c. Ketone

d. Primary alcohol

e. Secondary alcohol

d. Primary alcohol

Which will oxidize alcohol up to aldehyde only?

a. Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)

b. Chromium, KMnO4

c. LiAlH4

d. NaBH4

a. Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) - also Periodinane which are weak oxidizing agents

Which will oxidize alcohol up to carboxylic acid?

a. Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)

b. Chromium, KMnO4

c. LiAlH4

d. NaBH4

b. Chromium, KMnO4 - strong oxidizing agents

Which will reduce carboxylic acid up to primary alcohol?

a. Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)

b. Chromium, KMnO4

c. LiAlH4

d. NaBH4

c. LiAlH4 - Strong reducing agents

Which will reduce aldehyde to primary alcohol?

a. Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)

b. Chromium, KMnO4

c. LiAlH4

d. NaBH4

d. NaBH4 - Weak reducing agent.

Which is a strong oxidizing agent?

a. Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)

b. Chromium, KMnO4

c. LiAlH4

d. NaBH4

b. Chromium, KMnO4

Secondary alcohol can be oxidize to:

a. Aldehyde

b. Carboxylic acid

c. Ketone

d. Primary alcohol

e. Secondary alcohol

c. Ketone

Ketone can be reduced to:

a. Aldehyde

b. Carboxylic acid

c. Ketone

d. Primary alcohol

e. Secondary alcohol

e. Secondary alcohol

Mechanism of reaction of aldehyde and ketone.

a. Electrophilic addition

b. Electrophilic substitution

c. Nucleophilic addition

d. Nucleophilic substitution

c. Nucleophilic addition

Product of nucleophilic addition of water to aldehyde and ketone

a. Geminal diol

b. Cyanohydrin

c. Tertiary alcohol

d. Secondary alcohol

e. Ketal

f. Imine

a. Geminal diol

Product of nucleophilic addition of HCN to aldehyde and ketone.

a. Geminal diol

b. Cyanohydrin

c. Tertiary alcohol

d. Secondary alcohol

e. Ketal

f. Imine

b. Cyanohydrin

Addition of which to aldehyde or ketone is involved in Grignard reaction?

a. H2O

b. RMgX

c. ROH

d. RNH2

e. HCN

b. RMgX

Product of Grignard reaction of aldehyde.

a. Geminal diol

b. Cyanohydrin

c. Tertiary alcohol

d. Secondary alcohol

e. Ketal

f. Imine

d. Secondary alcohol

Product of nucleophilic addition of RMgX to ketone.

a. Geminal diol

b. Cyanohydrin

c. Tertiary alcohol

d. Secondary alcohol

e. Ketal

f. Imine

c. Tertiary alcohol

Product of initial nucleophilic addition of ROH to aldehyde.

a. Hemiketal

b. Hemiacetal

c. Ketal

d. Acetal

e. Imine

b. Hemiacetal

Product of initial nucleophilic addition of ROH to ketone.

a. Hemiketal

b. Hemiacetal

c. Ketal

d. Acetal

e. Imine

a. Hemiketal

Product of 2 rounds of nucleophilic addition of ROH to aldehyde.

a. Hemiketal

b. Hemiacetal

c. Ketal

d. Acetal

e. Imine

d. Acetal

Product of 2 rounds of nucleophilic addition of ROH to ketone.

a. Hemiketal

b. Hemiacetal

c. Ketal

d. Acetal

e. Imine

c. Ketal

Product of initial nucleophilic addition of RNH2 to aldehyde or ketone.

a. Hydroxylamine

b. Imine

c. Ketal

d. Acetal

a. Hydroxylamine

Product of complete nucleophilic addition of RNH2 to aldehyde or ketone.

a. Primary amine

b. Secondary amine

c. Tertiary amine

d. All

b. Secondary amine - aka Imine.

Qualitative test for both aldehyde and ketone.

a. Beilstein test

b. 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine test

c. Fehling's and Tollens test

d. Lucas test

b. 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine test

Qualitative test for aldehyde only.

a. Beilstein test

b. 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine test

c. Fehling's and Tollens test

d. Lucas test

c. Fehling's and Tollens test - These are tests for reducing substance thus to which aldehyde will yield positive result.

COOH derivatives except:

a. Ester

b. Amide

c. Acyl halide

d. Acid anhydride

e. None

e. None

Mechanism of reaction of carboxylic acid derivatives.

a. Electrophilic addition

b. Electrophilic substitution

c. Nucleophilic addition

d. Nucleophilic substitution

d. Nucleophilic substitution - or more specifically nucleophilic acyl substitution

Product of hydrolysis of carboxylic acid derivatives.

a. RCOOH

d. RCOOR

c. RCONH2

d. RCONHR

e. RCOCl

a. RCOOH

Product of nucleophilic substitution of carboxylic acid derivatives with ROH.

a. RCOOH

d. RCOOR

c. RCONH2

d. RCONHR

e. RCOCl

d. RCOOR - Thus also referred to esterification

Product of alcoholysis of carboxylic acid derivatives.

a. RCOOH

d. RCOOR

c. RCONH2

d. RCONHR

e. RCOCl

d. RCOOR - Alcoholysis is also known as esterification

Product of ammonolysis or aminolysis of carboxylic acid derivatives.

a. Ester

d. Carboxylic acid derivatives

c. Amide

d. RCONHR

e. RCOCl

c. RCONH2 - through nucleophilic substitution with NH3, ammonia.

Product of ammonolysis or aminolysis of carboxylic acid derivatives.

a. Ester

d. Amide

c. Alcohol

d. Acyl anhydride

e. None of the choices

d. Amide

with NH3 - Ammonolysis

with NH2 - Aminolysis

Product of nucleophilic substitution of thionyl chloride to carboxylic acid derivatives.

a. RCOOH

d. RCOOR

c. RCONH2

d. RCONHR

e. RCOCl

e. RCOCl

Qualitative tests for organic bases.

a. Beilstein test

b. Grignard test

c. Hinsberg test

d. Lucas test

c. Hinsberg test

Organic bases are the AMINES.

Arrange the different type of amines by increasing basicity.

a. 1° < 2° < 3°

b. 3° < 2° < 1°

c. 1° < 3° < 2°

d. 2° < 3° < 1°

c. 1° < 3° < 2°

Although 3° amine has the most electron donating groups (R group), it has less basicity because of steric strain that can be present between H of R groups.

Thus 2° amines are the most basic followed by 3° amines and 1° amines.