4.4: hypothalamus

exam 2

what is the hypothalamus?

structure in the diencephalon of brain

what is the purpose of hypothalamus?

integrates endocrine and nervous systems

what is the primary role of the hypothalmus?

endocrine system

what does the hypothalamus do?

neural control of posterior pituitary, hormonal control of anterior pituitary, neural control of adrenal medulla

what are the 3 connections of the hypothalamus?

posterior pituitary, anterior pituitary, adrenal gland

where is the posterior pituitary?

in the brain

where is the anterior pituitary?

in the brain

where are adrenal glands?

sits on top of each kidney

neurons that connect the hypothalamus to posterior pituitary create what 2 hormones?

antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin (OXT)

what is special about ADH and OXT?

only 2 hormones that are produced in one location (hypothalamus) but released from another (posterior pituitary)

does the hypothalamus connection to anterior pituitary contact neurons?

no

what are the 2 groups of neurons the hypothalamus produces with anterior pituitary?

releasing hormones (RH) and inhibiting hormones (IH)

what do releasing hormones cause?

the release of a secondary hormone

what do inhibiting hormones do?

stop the release of a secondary hormone

where on the adrenal gland is the hypothalamus connected to?

adrenal medulla

what is the adrenal medulla?

central portion of adrenal gland

how is the adrenal medulla stimulated?

neural stimulation

what does the adrenal medulla release?

epinephrine or norepinephrine