BIO1011 Week 8 Coding Life: Patterns of Inheritance

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to patterns of inheritance and genetics based on lecture notes.

Mendel’s Law of Segregation

The principle stating that alleles segregate from each other during gamete formation.

Law of Independent Assortment

The principle that states genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes.

Autosomal Inheritance

Inheritance patterns that involve genes located on the autosomes (non-sex chromosomes).

Sex-linked Inheritance

Inheritance patterns that involve genes located on sex chromosomes, often affecting one sex more than the other.

Phenotype

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism determined by both genetic and environmental factors.

Genotype

The genetic constitution of an individual organism, representing the specific alleles present.

Punnett Square

A diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing all possible combinations of alleles.

Co-dominance

A form of inheritance where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

Incomplete Dominance

A genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele, resulting in a new phenotype.

Epistasis

A genetic interaction where the presence of one allele masks or modifies the expression of another gene.

Testcross

A cross between an individual with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype.

Pleiotropy

The phenomenon where a single gene influences multiple phenotypic traits.

Monohybrid Cross

A genetic cross between parents that differ in a single trait.

Dihybrid Cross

A genetic cross between parents that differ in two traits.