LEC 2 Meteorology -- Energy & Heat Part 1

Mass, velocity squared

Kinetic energy is directly proportional to [TERM] and [TERM squared]

Kinetic Energy = one-half mass x velocity squared

Write the equation for kinetic energy, in words: {Kinetic Energy= [TERM] [TERM] x [TERM] [TERM]}

Motion

Kinetic energy is the energy of [TERM]

Height, mass

Potential energy/gravitational potential energy is directly proportional to [TERM] and [TERM]

potential energy = mass x acceleration due to gravity x height

Fill in the values in the equation for potential energy, in words : { Potential energy= [TERM] x [TERM] x [TERM] }

KE=1/2mv²

write the full equation for kinetic energy (numbers & abbreviations)

PE=m x g x h

write the equation of potential energy/gravitational potential energy (numbers & abbreviations)

9.8m/s²

what is the value of acceleration due to gravity (numerical, with correct units)

gravitational potential energy

energy of gravity/ non-kinetic energy that increases with mass and height is called

Temperature

Internal kinetic energy, or IKE, is a designation for the rate of movement of molecules in a volume, which is another word for the common and highly important meteorological phenomenon [TERM].

Latent energy

The energy required or released in phase transitions is called

radiant energy

A more technical term for energy from the sun’s warmth is [TERM energy].

Temperature, increase, decrease

[TERM] is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of air molecules in a volume. It will [INCREASE/DECREASE] if the mean molecular KE increases and [INCREASE/DECREASE] if the mean molecular KE decreases.

slowly, closer together

Molecules in cold air move [QUICKLY/SLOWLY] and are [CLOSER TOGETHER/FARTHER APART].

quickly, farther apart

Molecules in warm/hot air move [QUICKLY/SLOWLY] and are [CLOSER TOGETHER/FARTHER APART]

potential energy, kinetic energy

Atmospheric instability leading into updrafts and strong wind is an example of [TERM energy] becoming [TERM energy] in a thunderstorm.

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only change between different forms

Heat

Energy in the process of transferring from one object to another because of a temperature difference is called…

Heat capacity

the ratio of the amount of heat energy absorbed to temperature rise. e.g: if it takes 10 cal to raise water glass’ temperature by 2C, the [TERM] is 5cal/degree C.

specific heat

the heat capacity of a substance per unit mass, or the energy (typically in J) required to heat 1g of a substance by 1C

wind

differences in surface heating create this common meteorological phenomenon

Q=cmΔT

write the heat equation (# & symbols)

Heat = specific heat x mass x change in temperature

write the heat equation (words, use x for multiplication)

Latent heat

energy required to facilitate a state change (e.g: liquid to solid) at a constant temperature

Evaporation, required

A change of state from Liquid → Vapor is called [TERM]

Is energy [REQUIRED] or [RELEASED] with this change?

Melting, required

Solid→ Liquid state change is called [TERM]

Is energy [REQUIRED] or [RELEASED] with this change?

Sublimation, required

solid→ Vapor state change is called [TERM]

Is energy [REQUIRED] or [RELEASED] with this change?

Condensation, released

A state change from vapor → liquid is called [TERM]

Is energy [REQUIRED] or [RELEASED] with this change?

Freezing, released

A state change from liquid → solid is called [TERM]

Is energy [REQUIRED] or [RELEASED] with this change?

Deposition, released

A state change from vapor→ solid is called [TERM]

Is energy [REQUIRED] or [RELEASED] with this change?

State, temperature, 5.4x, 0, 100

[TERM] changes take more heat energy than [TERM] changes. It takes [#.#x] more heat energy to transform 1kg of water to vapor than it does to heat it from [#]C-[###]C.