Language Ideologies and Philippine English Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering language attitudes, ideologies, and the specific sociolinguistic context of Philippine English based on lecture notes.

Language Ideologies

Beliefs about language that are not independent of social, political, and cultural factors, and do not focus exclusively on linguistic structures.

Language Attitudes

Reactions toward language varieties that include emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses, as defined by Ryan et al. (1982).

Categorization and Stereotyping

The cognitive processes used by individuals to infer a person's social group membership and characteristics based on language cues.

Conyo Accent

An accent in the Philippines often parodied as "maarte" or "cringe" on TikTok, yet still possessing prestige and gatekeeping power in multinational corporate hiring.

Linguistic Double Standard

The practice where educators use Philippine English (PhE) features in conversation but grade students' formal papers based on different, stricter rules.

Mayabang

A social label meaning "arrogant" applied to Filipinos who speak high-level and straight English in informal settings, violating local solidarity rules.

Promdi Deficit

A historical television trope where regional accents were used to portray characters as less competent rather than leading or highly competent figures.

Phonetic Transfers

Natural biological and psychological outcomes of a speaker's regional first language, such as vowel-swapping or substituting the /p/ sound for /f/.

Language Sphering

A concept described by Gonzales (2017) as the segregation of different English varieties by domain, such as formal versus informal.

Monolingual Fallacy

The belief that mixing languages, or translanguaging, hinders the learning process.

Pluricentric Pedagogical Model

An instructional approach that treats both Standard American English and educated Philippine English as valid pedagogical targets.

Native-speakerism

The ideology supporting the belief that native speakers of English are the "best" or most authoritative models.

Standard Language Ideology

A set of beliefs often reinforced by traditional broadcast media by using substrate-influenced regional accents as comedic devices or signifiers of being uneducated.