bmic topic 1.1: microorganisms

what is microbiology?

a branch of science that studies microbes

what are microbes?

living things that are too small to be seen with naked eyes

what are uses of microbes?

production of medicine production of food decomposition of dead animal and plant matter infectious diseases environmental impact

what is an example of production of medicine?

antibiotics

what is an example of production of food?

yogurt kimchi

what is an example of environmental impact?

nitrogen fixation

what is binominal nomenclature?

the name of the microbe is made up of genus and species

what are rules of binominal nomenclature?

name must be italicized or underlined

1st letter of genus name must be capitalized

if the name is used more than once, it may be shortened

what is the full name of E.coli

Escherichia coli

what are the 5 major groups of microbes

bacteria fungi algae protozoa virus

what is a prokaryote?

no nucleus

what is a eukaryote?

have nucleus

what are the characteristics of bacteria? (need to memorize how to draw)

prokaryotic

unicellular form

peptidoglycan cell wall

what are the characteristics of fungi?

feeds on living or dead organisms (heterotrophic)

both unicellular (yeast) and multicellular (bread mold)

chitin cell wall

all fungi are non-motile

what is non-motile?

cannot move on its own

what re the characteristics of algae?

can photosynthesize, synthesizes own food using sungligh and CO2 (autotrophic)

both unicellular and multicellular

cellulose cell wall

what are the characteristics of protozoa?

unicellular, heterotrophic

relatively large compared to bacteria, unicellular fungi and algae

no cell wall

some move using pseudopodia (amoeba) cilia or flagella

what are the characteristics of virus (need to memorize how to draw)

acellular

non living not capable of reproduction by itself

requires a living host cell to replicate

no cell wall may have envelope

what is acellular?

not composed of cells